Visualisation of hypopharyngeal cavities and vocal-tract acoustic modelling
Visualisation of hypopharyngeal cavities and vocal-tract acoustic modelling
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DOI：
10.1080/10255842.2010.490528
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Dang, Jianwu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Honda, Kiyoshi;Kitamura, Tatsuya;Dang, Jianwu
下咽腔由喉腔和两侧梨状窝组成，构成靠近喉部的声道底部。核磁共振成像(MRI)技术对这些空洞的可视化显示，在说话过程中，喉腔呈长颈瓶的形式，梨状窝呈不同形状的高脚杯：前者在低语时大大减少，后者在深度吸气时消失。这些空腔已被证明在较高的频谱上产生显著的声学效应。本研究对男性和女性机械声道进行了声学实验，结果表明，这些声腔的声学效应决定了2 kHz以上的频谱，产生了峰值和零点。提出了元音产生的声学模型，该模型由三部分组成：声源、下咽腔和声道本身，为控制嗓音质量和表达个人发声特征提供了有效的手段。
The hypopharyngeal cavities consist of the laryngeal cavity and bilateral piriform fossa, constituting the bottom part of the vocal tract near the larynx. Visualisation of these cavities with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques reveals that during speech, the laryngeal cavity takes the form of a long-neck flask and the piriform fossa takes the form of a goblet of varying shapes: the former diminishes greatly in whispering and the latter disappears during deep inhalation. These cavities have been shown to exert significant acoustic effects at higher frequency spectra. In this study, acoustic experiments were conducted for male and female mechanical vocal tracts with the results that acoustic effects of those cavities determine the frequency spectra above 2kHz, giving rise to peaks and zeros. An acoustic model of vowel production was proposed with three components: voice source, hypopharyngeal cavities and vocal tract proper, which provides effective means in controlling voice quality and expressing individual vocal characteristics.