The origins of off-centre massive black holes in dwarf galaxies

The origins of off-centre massive black holes in dwarf galaxies
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矮星系中偏心大质量黑洞的起源

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stab1665
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Van Nest, Jordan
Van Nest, Jordan
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bellovary, Jillian M;Hayoune, Sarra;Chafla, Katheryn;Vincent, Donovan;Brooks, Alyson;Christensen, Charlotte R;Munshi, Ferah D;Tremmel, Michael;Quinn, Thomas R;Van Nest, Jordan

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矮星系中经常存在大质量黑洞,模拟和观测都表明,其中很大一部分可能相对于它们的宿主偏离中心。我们利用宇宙学流体动力学模拟追踪了矮星系中偏心大质量黑洞(MBH)的演化,并表明偏心位置的原因主要是由于星系与星系的合并。我们计算了动态时间尺度,并表明,由于宿主势阱的形状和较低的恒星密度,偏心的MBH不太可能在哈勃时间内沉入星系中心。这些徘徊的MBH不太可能被电磁探测到,也不会对星系的恒星群产生可测量的动力学影响。我们得出的结论是,偏离中心的MBH在矮星中可能很常见,特别是当MBH的质量较小或宿主星系的恒星质量较大时。然而,探测它们极具挑战性,因为它们的吸积光度非常低,并且它们不会显着改变宿主星系的动力学。
Massive black holes often exist within dwarf galaxies, and both simulations and observations have shown that a substantial fraction of these may be off-centre with respect to their hosts. We trace the evolution of off-centre massive black holes (MBHs) in dwarf galaxies using cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, and show that the reason for off-centre locations is mainly due to galaxy–galaxy mergers. We calculate dynamical time-scales and show that off-centre MBHs are unlikely to sink to their galaxys’ centres within a Hubble time, due to the shape of the hosts’ potential wells and low stellar densities. These wandering MBHs are unlikely to be detected electromagnetically, nor is there a measurable dynamical effect on the galaxy’s stellar population. We conclude that off-centre MBHs may be common in dwarfs, especially if the mass of the MBH is small or the stellar mass of the host galaxy is large. However, detecting them is extremely challenging, because their accretion luminosities are very low and they do not measurably alter the dynamics of their host galaxies.
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