Genetic variation and possible SNP markers for breeding wheat with low-grain asparagine, the major precursor for acrylamide formation in heat-processed products
Genetic variation and possible SNP markers for breeding wheat with low-grain asparagine, the major precursor for acrylamide formation in heat-processed products
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DOI：
10.1002/jsfa.6434
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Emebiri, Livinus C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emebiri, Livinus C.
背景技术在由小麦（Triticum aestivum）面粉制成的产品中，丙烯酰胺的形成几乎完全由谷物中游离天冬酰胺的水平决定。对谷物天冬酰胺含量的遗传变异性进行了评估，以评估通过育种减少丙烯酰胺的潜力。结果 92 个品种的谷物中游离天冬酰胺水平从 137 到 471 mg kg(-1) 不等，代表低天冬酰胺基因型和高天冬酰胺基因型之间大约有三倍的差异。遗传力较低，为32%，这表明培育谷物天冬酰胺含量低的品种将是一个挑战。使用单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 标记的全基因组扫描发现了 9 个与游离天冬酰胺变异显着相关 (P < 0.001) 的 SNP。显着的 SNP 位于 5A 染色体上，并解释了 14% 到 24% 的观察到的变异。这些推定的单核苷酸多态性是进一步研究开发分子标记的候选者。结论对于减少小麦面粉中的丙烯酰胺前体存在显着的遗传变异，表明育种和遗传学可以在减轻小麦产品中的丙烯酰胺风险方面发挥重要作用。该研究确定了 5A 染色体上的一个区域，可以为进一步研究开发功能标记提供基础。 (c) 2013年化学工业学会
BACKGROUNDIn products made from wheat (Triticum aestivum) flour, acrylamide formation is almost exclusively determined by the level of free asparagine in the grain. Genetic variability for grain asparagine content was evaluated in order to assess the potential for acrylamide mitigation by breeding.RESULTSFree asparagine levels in the grains of 92 varieties varied from 137 to 471 mg kg(-1), representing an approximate threefold difference between the low- and high-asparagine genotypes. Heritability was low, with a value of 32%, indicating that breeding cultivars with inherently low grain asparagine would be a challenge. A genome-wide scan with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified nine SNPs that were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with variation in free asparagine. The significant SNPs were localized on chromosome 5A, and explained between 14% and 24% of the observed variation. These putative SNPs are candidates for further studies to develop molecular markers.CONCLUSIONSignificant genetic variation exists for reducing acrylamide precursors in wheat flour, indicating that breeding and genetics could play an important role in mitigating the acrylamide risk in wheat products. The study identified a region on chromosome 5A that could provide a basis for further research to develop functional markers. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry