Amplitude effects of medio-lateral mechanical and visual perturbations on gait.
Amplitude effects of medio-lateral mechanical and visual perturbations on gait.
复制标题
内外机械和视觉扰动对步态的幅度影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.05.006
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Wilken,JasonM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Terry,Kevin;Sinitski,EmilyH;Dingwell,JonathanB;Wilken,JasonM
走路时跌倒是造成意外死亡和伤害的主要原因，可能导致住院费用下降、生产力下降和生活质量下降。为了减少这些损失，我们必须对类似于日常生活中遇到的扰动的特征响应有更深刻的理解。本研究通过建立我们早期的研究来解决这个问题，该研究通过在多个（3个机械，5个视觉）振幅下应用相同的连续伪随机扰动来检查同一环境中的机械和视觉扰动。所有受试者在机械扰动期间的行走变异性随幅度显著增加，差异通过步宽、COM位置和COM速度的变异性来测量。这些参数是唯一对视觉扰动敏感的参数，但它们都没有随扰动幅度发生显著变化。此外，视觉干扰的影响在参与者中远不一致，有几个人基本上没有受到任何程度的视觉干扰的影响。机械扰动效应的同质性表明，人类对机械扰动的反应是相似的，因为它们是由动力学驱动的，为了保持平衡，必须进行类似的修正。相反，对视觉扰动的反应是由纠正的感知需求驱动的，这种感知不够准确，甚至对单个参与者来说，也不足以产生与幅度相关的纠正，而且这种感知在个体之间也不一致。后一项发现可能与未来的视觉摄动研究以及步态和平衡障碍的诊断和康复有关。
Falls during walking are a major contributor to accidental deaths and injuries that can result in debilitating hospitalization costs, lost productivity, and diminished quality of life. To reduce these losses, we must develop a more profound understanding of the characteristic responses to perturbations similar to those encountered in daily life. This study addresses this issue by building on our earlier studies that examined mechanical and visual perturbations in the same environment by applying the same continuous pseudo-random perturbations at multiple (3 mechanical, 5 visual) amplitudes. Walking variability during mechanical perturbations increased significantly with amplitude for all subjects and differences as measured by variabilities of step width, COM position, and COM velocity. These parameters were the only ones sensitive to the presence of visual perturbations, but none of them changed significantly with perturbation amplitude. Additionally, visual perturbation effects were far less consistent across participants, with several who were essentially unaffected by visual perturbations at any level. The homogeneity of the mechanical perturbation effects demonstrates that human responses to mechanical perturbations are similar because they are driven by kinetics that require similar corrections that must be made in order to maintain balance. Conversely, responses to visual perturbations are driven by the perceived need to make corrections and this perception is not accurate enough to produce amplitude-related corrections, even for a single participant, nor is this perception consistent across individuals. This latter finding is likely to be relevant to future visual perturbation studies and the diagnosis and rehabilitation of gait and balance disorders.