Ghosts of the Japanese Imperial Army: The ‘White Group’ (Baituan) and Early Post-war Sino-Japanese Relations
Ghosts of the Japanese Imperial Army: The ‘White Group’ (Baituan) and Early Post-war Sino-Japanese Relations
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日本皇军的幽灵：“白团”与战后初期的中日关系
DOI：
10.1093/pastj/gts037
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Barak Kushner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barak Kushner
第二次世界大战刚结束后，东亚地区陷入混乱，重新制定的联盟为前交战各方之间的旧对话提供了潜在的新语法。虽然不断变化的形势并不一定能创造出完全和解的手段，但紧迫的情况促使敌人采取新的谈判形式。日本人可能对自己的军事失败感到乐观，但整个国家却因帝国的丧失而在心理上陷入了精神分裂。即使在投降之后，前帝国陆军和海军的领导人仍然强烈觊觎日本在东亚，尤其是中国的作用。中国国民党最初比共产党处于优势地位，但到了 1948 年，由于美国似乎准备撤回支持，他们发现自己处于失败的边缘，需要新的合作伙伴。本文的重点是讨论日本军方和民间社会如何应对战败以及日本与中国国民党关系性质的变化。其目标是提供对日本势力崩溃、中国接管的关键地区背景的跨国了解。我的研究表明，我们需要进一步分析战争如何结束，以及西方学术界关于日本战争结束时不断提到的无条件投降的想法可能不太适合日本失败帝国周边东亚地区演变的实际情况。 2 这种方法与本增刊引言中规定的参数相吻合，其中作者呼吁采用新的分析方法来优先考虑非西方世界。此外，当从国家历史的整洁范围之外审视这种模棱两可的失败概念时，它表明了其漏洞的本质。 1 这项研究得到了安倍奖学金计划的资助，该计划由社会科学研究委员会和美国学术团体委员会与日本国际交流基金会全球中心合作管理并提供资金。
In the immediate post-World War II disorder of East Asia redrafted alliances offered a potentially new grammar to an old conversation between former belligerent parties. While the shifting landscape did not necessarily create the means for complete reconciliation, exigent circumstances nudged enemies toward novel forms of negotiation. The Japanese might have been sanguine about their military defeat but the nation was psychologically schizophrenic about the loss of empire. Leaders of the former imperial army and navy still intensely coveted Japan’s role in East Asia, and most importantly China, even after the surrender. The Chinese Nationalists, initially in a superior position over the Communists, found themselves by 1948 on the verge of defeat and in need of new partners as the US appeared poised to withdraw support. The focus of this article centres on a discussion of how the Japanese military and civilian society responded to defeat and the changing nature of Japan’s relationship with the Chinese Nationalists (KMT). The goal is to provide a transnational grasp of the setting of a key region where Japanese power collapsed and the Chinese took over. My research suggests that we need further analysis of how wars end and that the idea of unconditional surrender constantly referenced in western scholarship concerning the end of Japan’s war might not fit so neatly into the actual circumstances that evolved in East Asia at the periphery of Japan’s failed empire. 2 Such an approach dovetails with the parameters set out in the introduction to this supplement where the authors call for new analytical approaches that privilege the non-western world. In addition, this ambiguous notion of defeat, when examined from outside the tidy confines of national history, demonstrates the porous nature 1 This research was assisted by a grant from the Abe Fellowship Program administered by the Social Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies in cooperation with and with funds provided by the Japan Foundation Center for Global