The role of illness scripts in the development of medical diagnostic expertise: Results from an interview study
The role of illness scripts in the development of medical diagnostic expertise: Results from an interview study
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DOI：
10.1207/s1532690xci1604_1
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Schmidt, HG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Custers, EJFM;Boshuizen, HPA;Schmidt, HG
在这篇文章中，我们描述了一项研究，其中一些关于疾病脚本的当前观点进行了测试。在4个医学专业水平的参与者被要求描述一个典型的病人或与许多不同疾病相关的临床图片。研究发现，中级专业水平的参与者在被要求描述一个疾病的原型患者时，绝对和相对地提到了许多有利条件（患者的背景因素，如性别、年龄、病史和职业），而描述疾病的临床图景的指示显示出与专业水平的单调关系。在这两种类型的教学中，描述中生物医学信息的数量随着专业水平的提高而减少。此外，还发现患有某种疾病的实际患者人数与提及的有利条件数量之间存在正相关关系。这些结果被解释为支持目前概念化的疾病脚本理论。
In this article, we describe a study in which some current ideas about illness scripts are tested. Participants at 4 levels of medical expertise were asked to describe either a prototypical patient or the clinical picture associated with a number of different diseases. It was found that participants at intermediate levels of expertise mentioned, both absolutely and relatively, many enabling conditions (patient contextual factors such as sex, age, medical history, and occupation) when asked to describe a prototypical patient with a disease, whereas the instruction to describe the clinical picture of a disease revealed a monotonic relation with expertise level. The amount of biomedical information in the descriptions decreased with increasing expertise level for both types of instruction. In addition, a positive relation was found between number of actual patients seen with a particular disease and number of enabling conditions mentioned. These results were interpreted as supportive of the present conceptualization of the illness script theory.