Who Would Pay for State Alcohol Tax Increases in the United States?
Who Would Pay for State Alcohol Tax Increases in the United States?
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DOI：
10.5888/pcd13.150450
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jernigan, David H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naimi, Timothy S.;Daley, James I.;Jernigan, David H.
尽管有强有力的证据表明增加酒精税可以减少酒精相关的危害，但在过去的30年里，州酒精税的真实的价值已经下降。反对增税的人认为，增税对"负责任的"饮酒者和那些经济上处于不利地位的人不公平。本研究的目的是评估假设的国家酒精税增加对酒精消费和社会人口特征的基础上，在美国成年人的酒精成本的影响。（即，产品加税）使用2011年行为风险因素监测的数据，对所有50个州的一系列假设性州酒精税增加进行了建模系统，影响数据库和酒精政策信息系统。饮酒模式（过度与nonexcessive）和sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsAmong国家，过度饮酒者将支付4.8至6.8倍，人均非过度饮酒者，并将支付至少72%的总成本。对于不过量饮酒的人来说，即使是最大的假设增税（每杯0.25美元）的年成本平均也不到10美元。家庭收入较高的饮酒者和非西班牙裔白色饮酒者将支付更高的人均成本比收入较低的人和种族/ethnic minorities. ConclusionState特定的税收增加将花费更多的过度饮酒者，那些收入较高的人，和非西班牙裔白人。对不过量饮酒者的成本将是适度的。研究结果与发展以证据为基础的公共卫生实践有关，这是一种主要的可预防死亡原因。
IntroductionDespite strong evidence that increasing alcohol taxes reduces alcohol-related harm, state alcohol taxes have declined in real terms during the past 3 decades. Opponents of tax increases argue that they are unfair to "responsible" drinkers and those who are financially disadvantaged. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of hypothetical state alcohol tax increases on the cost of alcohol for adults in the United States on the basis of alcohol consumption and sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsThe increased net cost of alcohol (ie, product plus tax) from a series of hypothetical state alcohol tax increases was modeled for all 50 states using data from the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, IMPACT Databank, and the Alcohol Policy Information System. Costs were assessed by drinking pattern (excessive vs nonexcessive) and by sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsAmong states, excessive drinkers would pay 4.8 to 6.8 times as much as nonexcessive drinkers on a per capita basis and would pay at least 72% of aggregate costs. For nonexcessive drinkers, the annual cost from even the largest hypothetical tax increase ($0.25 per drink) would average less than $10.00. Drinkers with higher household incomes and non-Hispanic white drinkers would pay higher per capita costs than people with lower incomes and racial/ethnic minorities.ConclusionState-specific tax increases would cost more for excessive drinkers, those with higher incomes, and non-Hispanic whites. Costs to nonexcessive drinkers would be modest. Findings are relevant to developing evidence-based public health practice for a leading preventable cause of death.