Ammonia as a green fuel and hydrogen source for vehicular applications
Ammonia as a green fuel and hydrogen source for vehicular applications
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.02.004
复制
发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
C. Zamfirescu;I. Dincer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Zamfirescu;I. Dincer
氨，通常被称为农业的氮原料或制冷剂，过去偶尔被用作内燃机和燃料电池的燃料。因为它是一种无碳物质，具有高辛烷值，所以目前对使用氨作为燃料重新产生了兴趣。从系统效率、续驶里程、燃料箱紧凑性和行驶成本等性能指标分析了氨作为可持续燃料用于汽车发电的潜在效益和技术优势。氨的冷却效果是另一个优点，并且包括在效率计算中。氨冷却占发动机功率的高达20%，因此氨的机载存在是一个有价值的副作用，可以缩小发动机冷却系统的尺寸并获得一些空气调节。如果考虑冷却效果，系统的效率可以提高约11%。结果表明，一辆中型氢动力汽车转换为氨变得更有效，单位续驶里程成本为3.2元/100 km，燃料箱紧凑性为18 L/100 km，氨成本假定为0.3元/kg。
Ammonia, mostly known as a nitrogen feedstock for agriculture or as a refrigerant, has been occasionally used in the past as fuel for internal combustion engines and fuel cells. Because it is a carbon-free substance and has high octane number there is currently a renewed interest for using ammonia as a fuel. The potential benefits and technical advantages of using ammonia as a sustainable fuel for power generation on vehicles are analyzed here based on some performance indicators including the system effectiveness, the driving range, fuel tank compactness and the cost of driving. The cooling effect of ammonia is another advantage and is included in the efficiency calculations. Cooling with ammonia represents up to 20% from the engine's power, being thus a valuable side benefit of ammonia's presence on-board allowing for downsizing of the engine cooling system and obtaining some air conditioning. If the cooling effect is taken into consideration, the system's effectiveness can be improved by ~11%. It is shown that a medium size hydrogen car converted to NH3 becomes more effective per driving range cost at CN$3.2/100 km and fuel tank compactness with 18 L/100 km with a cost of ammonia assumed to be CN$0.3/kg.