Gut Microbiota Modulation and Its Relationship with Obesity Using Prebiotic Fibers and Probiotics: A Review.
Gut Microbiota Modulation and Its Relationship with Obesity Using Prebiotic Fibers and Probiotics: A Review.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.00563
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Shukla P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dahiya DK;Renuka;Puniya M;Shandilya UK;Dhewa T;Kumar N;Kumar S;Puniya AK;Shukla P
在目前的世界情况下，肥胖几乎达到了流行病的程度，并正在迅速发展。这种疾病是所有其他代谢紊乱的根源，除了给有关患者带来额外的经济负担外，还对他/她在社会中的福祉和健康产生负面影响。在肥胖的各种可能因素中，肠道菌群的作用是非常关键的。一般来说，个体的肠道中居住着数万亿微生物，这些微生物通过它们的共生相互作用在宿主的能量稳态中起着重要作用。肠道菌群失调导致能量平衡失衡，最终导致肥胖。在实验模型中，肠道微生物群诱导肥胖的许多机制已经被报道。然而，由于肠道微生物群的复杂性，哪种微生物群落与肥胖直接相关仍然未知。益生元和益生菌是更安全有效的膳食物质，可以治疗性地改变宿主的肠道微生物群。在这篇综述中，我们试图讨论在肥胖背景下肠道微生物群与宿主能量代谢相互作用的当前机制。此外，通过动物和人类研究的实验证据，讨论了有助于积极改变肠道微生物群的治疗方法（益生元/益生菌）。在闭幕发言中，讨论了该领域面临的挑战和今后的任务。
In the present world scenario, obesity has almost attained the level of a pandemic and is progressing at a rapid rate. This disease is the mother of all other metabolic disorders, which apart from placing an added financial burden on the concerned patient also has a negative impact on his/her well-being and health in the society. Among the various plausible factors for the development of obesity, the role of gut microbiota is very crucial. In general, the gut of an individual is inhabited by trillions of microbes that play a significant role in host energy homeostasis by their symbiotic interactions. Dysbiosis in gut microbiota causes disequilibrium in energy homeostasis that ultimately leads to obesity. Numerous mechanisms have been reported by which gut microbiota induces obesity in experimental models. However, which microbial community is directly linked to obesity is still unknown due to the complex nature of gut microbiota. Prebiotics and probiotics are the safer and effective dietary substances available, which can therapeutically alter the gut microbiota of the host. In this review, an effort was made to discuss the current mechanisms through which gut microbiota interacts with host energy metabolism in the context of obesity. Further, the therapeutic approaches (prebiotics/probiotics) that helped in positively altering the gut microbiota were discussed by taking experimental evidence from animal and human studies. In the closing statement, the challenges and future tasks within the field were discussed.