Composition and emission dynamics of migratory locust volatiles in response to changes in developmental stages and population density
Composition and emission dynamics of migratory locust volatiles in response to changes in developmental stages and population density
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DOI：
10.1111/1744-7917.12396
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发表时间：
2017-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Jianing Wei;Wenbo Shao;Xianhui Wang;Jin Ge;Xiangyong Chen;Dan Yu;L. Kang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianing Wei;Wenbo Shao;Xianhui Wang;Jin Ge;Xiangyong Chen;Dan Yu;L. Kang
Chemical communication plays an important role in density‐dependent phase change in locusts. However, the volatile components and emission patterns of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, are largely unknown.在这项研究中，我们确定了蝗虫身体和粪便中挥发物的化学成分和排放动态，并将它们与发育阶段、性别和相变联系起来。飞蝗与沙漠蝗（Schistocerca gregaria）有许多相同的挥发性成分，但两种蝗虫的排放动态却显着不同。飞蝗群居若虫的体臭由苯乙腈（PAN）、苯甲醛、愈创木酚、苯酚、脂肪酸和2,3-丁二醇组成，其中PAN是主要挥发性物质。 Volatiles from the fecal pellets of the nymphs primarily consist of guaiacol and phenol. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences in the volatile profiles between gregarious and solitary locusts. PAN and 4‐vinylanisole concentrations were significantly higher in gregarious individuals than in solitary locusts.群居的成熟雄性在成年期释放的 PAN 和 4-乙烯基苯甲醚含量显着高于成熟雌性和未成熟的成虫。此外，PAN和4-乙烯基苯甲醚在群居若虫的群居过程中完全丢失，但在群居过程中被独居若虫获得。 The amounts of benzaldehyde, guaiacol and phenol only unidirectionally decreased from solitary to crowded treatment. Aliphatic aldehydes (C7 to C10), which were previously reported as locust volatiles, are now identified as environmental contaminants. Therefore, our results illustrate the precise odor profiles of migratory locusts during developmental stages, sexes and phase change. However, the function and role of PAN and other aromatic compounds during phase transition need further investigation.
Chemical communication plays an important role in density‐dependent phase change in locusts. However, the volatile components and emission patterns of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, are largely unknown. In this study, we identified the chemical compositions and emission dynamics of locust volatiles from the body and feces and associated them with developmental stages, sexes and phase changes. The migratory locust shares a number of volatile components with the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), but the emission dynamics of the two locust species are significantly different. The body odors of the gregarious nymphs in the migratory locust consisted of phenylacetonitrile (PAN), benzaldehyde, guaiacol, phenol, aliphatic acids and 2,3‐butanediol, and PAN was the dominant volatile. Volatiles from the fecal pellets of the nymphs primarily consist of guaiacol and phenol. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences in the volatile profiles between gregarious and solitary locusts. PAN and 4‐vinylanisole concentrations were significantly higher in gregarious individuals than in solitary locusts. Gregarious mature males released significantly higher amounts of PAN and 4‐vinylanisole during adulthood than mature females and immature adults of both sexes. Furthermore, PAN and 4‐vinylanisole were completely lost in gregarious nymphs during the solitarization process, but were obtained by solitary nymphs during gregarization. The amounts of benzaldehyde, guaiacol and phenol only unidirectionally decreased from solitary to crowded treatment. Aliphatic aldehydes (C7 to C10), which were previously reported as locust volatiles, are now identified as environmental contaminants. Therefore, our results illustrate the precise odor profiles of migratory locusts during developmental stages, sexes and phase change. However, the function and role of PAN and other aromatic compounds during phase transition need further investigation.