The politics of decarbonization and the catalytic impact of subnational climate experiments
The politics of decarbonization and the catalytic impact of subnational climate experiments
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DOI：
10.1007/s11077-018-9314-8
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Hoffmann, Matthew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernstein, Steven;Hoffmann, Matthew
2015年的《巴黎协定》标志着全球气候变化治理的正式转变，从一个分配国家解决集体行动问题的承诺的国际法律的制度，转变为一个促进和便利脱碳变革途径的催化机制。它通过一个由国家自主贡献、监测和逐步增加承诺的制度来实现这一目标，并认识到气候治理的做法已经涉及多个规模的一系列行为者和机构。在这篇文章中，我们开发了一个框架，重点是脱碳的政治，探索政策途径和机制，可以通过这些多样化的，分散的反应来破坏碳锁定。它确定了政治机制，正常化，能力建设和联盟建设，有助于扩大和巩固离散脱碳倡议内或跨司法管辖区，市场和实践。国家以下各级（市、州/省）气候治理实验在这一新背景下的作用尤其深远。借鉴这些案例，我们说明了框架，展示了它的效用，并展示了它的政治分析如何提供洞察气候治理实验和正式的全球反应之间的关系，以及更广泛的脱碳挑战。
The Paris Agreement of 2015 marks a formal shift in global climate change governance from an international legal regime that distributes state commitments to solve a collective action problem to a catalytic mechanism to promote and facilitate transformative pathways to decarbonization. It does so through a system of nationally determined contributions, monitoring and ratcheting up of commitments, and recognition that the practice of climate governance already involved an array of actors and institutions at multiple scales. In this article, we develop a framework that focuses on the politics of decarbonization to explore policy pathways and mechanisms that can disrupt carbon lock-in through these diverse, decentralized responses. It identifies political mechanisms-normalization, capacity building, and coalition building-that contribute to the scaling and entrenchment of discrete decarbonization initiatives within or across jurisdictions, markets, and practices. The role for subnational (municipal, state/provincial) climate governance experiments in this new context is especially profound. Drawing on such cases, we illustrate the framework, demonstrate its utility, and show how its political analysis can provide insight into the relationship between climate governance experiments and the formal global response as well as the broader challenge of decarbonization.