A Simple Method for Estimating the Economic Cost of Productivity Loss Due to Blindness and Moderate to Severe Visual Impairment
A Simple Method for Estimating the Economic Cost of Productivity Loss Due to Blindness and Moderate to Severe Visual Impairment
复制标题
DOI：
10.3109/09286586.2015.1066394
复制
发表时间：
2015-09-03
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Resnikoff, Serge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckert, Kristen A.;Carter, Marissa J.;Resnikoff, Serge
目的：使用简单模型估计失明和中度至重度视力损害（MSVI）造成的生产力年度损失（类似于快速评估模式与综合模式的关系），基于最低工资和人均国民总收入方法：通过假设当前MW的损失和人均国民总收入的损失，计算了9个抽样国家50岁年龄组的失明成本。假设所有人都工作到65岁，50岁年龄组中普遍存在的视力障碍有一半在50-64岁年龄组中普遍存在。关于最低生活保障和住房指数的成本，假设个人工资和国民总收入损失为30%。结果进行了比较的值的未矫正屈光不正（URE）模型的生产力loss.Results：COB（MW方法）范围从0.1亿美元在洪都拉斯到25亿美元在美国，和COMSVI范围从0.1亿美元在洪都拉斯到53亿美元在美国。COB（国民总收入法）从洪都拉斯的10万美元到美国的78亿美元不等，COMSVI从洪都拉斯的1亿美元到美国的165亿美元不等。大多数GNI方法的值接近相当于那些的URE model.Conclusion：虽然大多数人失明和MSVI生活在发展中国家，最高的生产力损失是在高收入国家。如果所有人都能更容易获得和负担得起眼科护理，全球经济就能得到改善。
Purpose: To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011).Methods: Cost of blindness (COB) was calculated for the age group 50 years in nine sample countries by assuming the loss of current MW and loss of GNI per capita. It was assumed that all individuals work until 65 years old and that half of visual impairment prevalent in the 50 years age group is prevalent in the 50-64 years age group. For cost of MSVI (COMSVI), individual wage and GNI loss of 30% was assumed. Results were compared with the values of the uncorrected refractive error (URE) model of productivity loss.Results: COB (MW method) ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $2.5 billion in the United States, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $5.3 billion in the US. COB (GNI method) ranged from $0.1 million in Honduras to $7.8 billion in the US, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $16.5 billion in the US. Most GNI method values were near equivalent to those of the URE model.Conclusion: Although most people with blindness and MSVI live in developing countries, the highest productivity losses are in high income countries. The global economy could improve if eye care were made more accessible and more affordable to all.