Airborne Doppler Wind Lidar Observations of the Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer
Airborne Doppler Wind Lidar Observations of the Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer
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DOI：
10.3390/rs10060825
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发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jun A. Zhang;R. Atlas;G. Emmitt;L. Bucci;K. Ryan
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文献类型：
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作者：
Jun A. Zhang;R. Atlas;G. Emmitt;L. Bucci;K. Ryan
本研究对热带风暴埃里卡（2015年）期间由美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）P3飓风猎人飞机上的多普勒风激光雷达（DWL）仪器收集的风廓线数据进行了验证和分析。DWL测得的风相比，从近并列的GPS下投式探空仪，并显示出良好的协议，在风的大小和风场的不对称分布。DWL测量的风速与投下式探空仪测量的风速的比较产生了相当好的相关性（r2 = 0.95），均方根误差（RMSE）为1.58 m s-1，偏差为-0.023 m s-1。我们的分析表明，DWL补充了现有的P3多普勒雷达，因为它收集的风数据在无雨和少雨地区，多普勒雷达是有限的风观测。DWL观测还通过显著扩大边界层风的采样大小和空间覆盖范围来补充下投式探空仪测量。对DWL风速数据的分析表明，埃里卡的边界层比典型的飓风强度风暴要深得多。流线和涡度分析的基础上DWL风观测解释了为什么埃里卡保持强度在剪切环境。这项研究表明，DWL风数据是有价值的实时强度预报，边界层结构和动力学的基本了解，在热带气旋条件下的海上风能应用。
This study presents a verification and an analysis of wind profile data collected during Tropical Storm Erika (2015) by a Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL) instrument aboard a P3 Hurricane Hunter aircraft of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). DWL-measured winds are compared to those from nearly collocated GPS dropsondes, and show good agreement in terms of both the wind magnitude and asymmetric distribution of the wind field. A comparison of the DWL-measured wind speeds versus dropsonde-measured wind speeds yields a reasonably good correlation (r2 = 0.95), with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.58 m s−1 and a bias of −0.023 m s−1. Our analysis shows that the DWL complements the existing P3 Doppler radar, in that it collects wind data in rain-free and low-rain regions where Doppler radar is limited for wind observations. The DWL observations also complement dropsonde measurements by significantly enlarging the sampling size and spatial coverage of the boundary layer winds. An analysis of the DWL wind data shows that the boundary layer of Erika was much deeper than that of a typical hurricane-strength storm. Streamline and vorticity analyses based on DWL wind observations explain why Erika maintained intensity in a sheared environment. This study suggests that DWL wind data are valuable for real-time intensity forecasts, basic understanding of the boundary layer structure and dynamics, and offshore wind energy applications under tropical cyclone conditions.