Equus stenonis (Equidae, Mammalia) from the Early Pleistocene of Pantalla (Italy) and the dispersion of stenonine horses in Europe
Equus stenonis (Equidae, Mammalia) from the Early Pleistocene of Pantalla (Italy) and the dispersion of stenonine horses in Europe
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DOI：
10.4435/bspi.2020.21
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Bernor, Raymond Louis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherin, Marco;Cirilli, Omar;Bernor, Raymond Louis
硬马在早更新世和中更新世早期之间的很长一段时间内在欧亚大陆漫游。这些形式可能源自北美马属马（Equus simplicidens），最近的研究表明它们可能是现存非洲斑马辐射的基础。马（Equus stenonis）是欧洲早更新世分布最广泛的马。在这里，我们描述了来自潘塔拉（意大利）的马属记录，并根据后足和胫骨的形态测量分析相结合，将其称为 E. stenonis。特别是，我们的比较显示了潘塔拉马和来自圣瓦利埃（法国）的 E. steonis 之间的显着相似之处。研究样本表明 Pantalla 组合的年龄接近 Villafranchian 晚期（类似于 2 Ma），因此代表了意大利 E. stenonis 的最早记录之一。此外，我们的分析强调了欧洲 E. steonis 样本中显着的形态同质性，支持它们可能代表单一长期广泛分布物种的种内变异。
Stenonine horses roamed across Eurasia for a long-time interval between the Early Pleistocene and the early Middle Pleistocene. These forms probably derived from North American Equus simplicidens and recent research suggests that they can be at the basis of the radiation of the extant African zebras. Equus stenonis is the most widespread stenonine horse in the Early Pleistocene of Europe. Here we describe the Equus record from Pantalla (Italy) and we refer it to E. stenonis based on a combination of morphometric analyses of metapodials and tibia. In particular, our comparisons show remarkable similarities between the Pantalla horse and E. stenonis from Saint Vallier (France). The studied sample allows suggesting an age close to the beginning of the late Villafranchian (similar to 2 Ma) for the Pantalla assemblage, thus representing one of the earliest records of E. stenonis in Italy. Furthermore, our analyses highlight a substantial morphometric homogeneity in European E. stenonis samples, supporting that they may represent intraspecific variation of a single long-lasting widespread species.