Utilization of Mechanical Stress to Treat Osteoporosis: The Effects of Electrical Stimulation, Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave, and Ultrasound on Experimental Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats
Utilization of Mechanical Stress to Treat Osteoporosis: The Effects of Electrical Stimulation, Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave, and Ultrasound on Experimental Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats
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DOI：
10.1007/s00223-021-00831-6
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发表时间：
2021-03-22
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Moriyama, Hideki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Inoue, Shota;Hatakeyama, Junpei;Moriyama, Hideki
目前骨质疏松症的治疗方案主要包括药物治疗，但它们往往伴随着不良的副作用。利用机械应力可以无创诱导骨形成已被建议作为传统治疗的替代方法。在这里，我们研究了由电刺激、径向体外冲击波和超声引起的机械应力对雌激素缺乏性骨质疏松症的疗效。雌性Wistar大鼠分为5组：假手术组、卵巢切除后未治疗组、从卵巢切除后8周开始电刺激、放射状体外冲击波或超声治疗4周。显微ct评估股骨小梁骨结构，力学测试获得其生物力学特性。通过组织化学、免疫组织化学和实时PCR分析进一步评估股骨。桡骨体外冲击波和超声治疗改善骨质疏松大鼠骨小梁微结构和骨强度，但电刺激没有改善。冲击波降低破骨细胞活性和RANKL表达。超声暴露增加成骨细胞活性和β -连环蛋白阳性细胞，并减少硬化蛋白阳性骨细胞。这些结果表明，放射状体外冲击波和超声诱导的机械应力可以通过促进骨形成或减弱骨吸收来改善雌激素缺乏的骨质流失和骨脆性。
Current treatment options for osteoporosis primarily involve pharmacotherapies, but they are often accompanied by undesirable side effects. Utilization of mechanical stress which can noninvasively induce bone formation has been suggested as an alternative to conventional treatments. Here, we examined the efficacy of mechanical stress induced by electrical stimulation, radial extracorporeal shock waves, and ultrasound for estrogen-deficient osteoporosis. Female Wistar rats were divided into following five groups: sham-operated group, untreated after ovariectomy, and treated with electrical stimulation, radial extracorporeal shock wave, or ultrasound starting at 8 weeks after ovariectomy for 4 weeks. Trabecular bone architecture of the femur was assessed by micro-CT and its biomechanical properties were obtained by mechanical testing. The femurs were further evaluated by histochemical, immunohistochemical, and real-time PCR analyses. Radial extracorporeal shock wave and ultrasound treatment improved trabecular bone microarchitecture and bone strength in osteoporotic rats, but not electrical stimulation. The shock wave decreased osteoclast activity and RANKL expression. The exposure of ultrasound increased osteoblast activity and beta-catenin-positive cells, and they decreased sclerostin-positive osteocytes. These findings suggest that mechanical stress induced by radial extracorporeal shock wave and ultrasound can improve estrogen-deficient bone loss and bone fragility through promoted bone formation or attenuated bone resorption.