Regional disparity in China 1985-1994: The effects of globalization and economic liberalization
Regional disparity in China 1985-1994: The effects of globalization and economic liberalization
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DOI：
10.1007/s001680000020
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Hu, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujita, M;Hu, DP
在中国，伴随经济快速增长而来的是一个新的挑战：地区差距扩大。本文利用GDP和工业产出数据，从收入分配和生产集聚两个方面考察了1985-1994年中国地区差异的变化趋势。之所以选择这一时期，不仅是因为它反映了最新的趋势，还因为它反映了全球化和经济自由化对中国经济的最强烈影响。结果表明：沿海地区与内陆地区的收入差距不断扩大，工业生产向沿海地区集聚，而沿海省份内部则有趋同趋势；进一步从区域发展政策、全球化和经济自由化三个方面探讨了区域差距扩大的原因。偏倚的区域政策有一定影响，但作用有限。更重要的是，全球化（以出口和外国直接投资衡量）和经济自由化（以国有企业份额的下降和乡镇企业的增长为标志）对地区差距的扩大产生了显著影响。
In China, alongside fast economic growth has come a new challenge: increasing regional disparity. Using GDP and industry output data, this paper examines trends in regional disparity during the period 1985-1994, from the aspects of both income distribution and production agglomeration. This period has been chosen not only because it reflects the latest trend, but also because it reflects the most intensive effects of globalization and economic liberalization in the Chinese economy. It is shown that the income disparity between the coastal area and the interior had been increasing, and industrial production showed strong agglomeration toward the coastal area, while within coastal provinces there was a trend of convergence. Further this paper investigates the reasons behind the increasing regional disparity from the aspects of regional development policy, globalization, and economic liberalization, Biased regional policies had some effect, but their role was limited. More importantly, globalization (measured by export and FDI) and economic liberalization (indicated by the decline of the share of state-owned enterprises and the growth of township and village enterprises) had significant influence on the increasing regional disparity.