Evaluating the taphonomic consistency of microvertebrate assemblages at Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming, USA

Evaluating the taphonomic consistency of microvertebrate assemblages at Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming, USA
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评估美国怀俄明州自然陷阱洞穴微型脊椎动物群落的埋藏学一致性

DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2022.02.009
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Meachen, Julie A.
Meachen, Julie A.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McGuire, Jenny L.;Woodruff, Aaron;Iacono, Jennifer;Sethna, Jadyn M.;Schap, Julia A.;Redman, Cory M.;Meachen, Julie A.

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由小型脊椎动物标本组成的古生物遗址可以包含数十万个可识别的化石,这些化石可以揭示群落对环境和营养变化的反应。然而,如果沉积物的挖掘学特征随着时间和地层的变化而变化,这些群落的组成可能会倾斜。在这里,我们讨论了在美国怀俄明州天然陷阱洞穴中导致微脊椎动物化石密集沉积的挖掘过程。然后,我们使用断骨率和骨加工信息来评估跨地层的挖掘学特征的性质和一致性。天然陷阱洞穴是一个陷阱洞穴,在过去的3.5万年里有很好的脊椎动物群落记录。沿着发掘现场的北墙,微脊椎动物化石形成了密集的堆积物,从位于洞穴地面上方20米处的袋鼠(Neotoma)巢穴中倾泻而下。使用微型哺乳动物四肢骨骼的破碎率,我们评估累积机制是否在不同的地层中表现出一致的。我们证明,与不同类型的捕食者(哺乳动物食肉动物、猛禽和猫头鹰)的破碎率相比,自然陷阱洞穴地层的破碎率的变化是聚集在一起的。然后,我们证明了这三个地层的破碎率的变化比预期的要小,如果这是整个地层主要捕食者类型变化的结果。我们对天然圈闭洞穴沉积埋藏学的分析为微脊椎动物群落记录的可靠性提供了信心,为未来的古生态分析铺平了道路。
Paleontological sites composed of small vertebrate specimens can contain hundreds-of-thousands of identifiable fossils, which can reveal community responses to environmental and trophic changes. However, the composition of these communities may be skewed if the taphonomic signatures of the deposits change over time and across strata. Here, we discuss the taphonomic processes that led to dense deposits of microvertebrate fossils at Natural Trap Cave, Wyoming, USA. We then evaluate the nature and consistency of the taphonomic signature across stratigraphic layers using bone breakage rates and bone processing information. Natural Trap Cave is a pitfall cave that has an excellent record of vertebrate communities over the last 35,000 years. Along the North Wall of the excavation site, microvertebrate fossils form a dense accumulation, raining down from a packrat (Neotoma) nest located ∼20 m above the floor of the cave. Using the breakage rates of micromammal limb bones, we evaluate whether the accumulation mechanism appears consistent across strata. We demonstrate that the variation in breakage rates from Natural Trap Cave's strata cluster together when compared to breakage rates for different predator types (mammalian carnivores, raptors, and owls). We then demonstrate that the variation in breakage rates from the three strata is less than would be expected if it were the result of a change in major predator type across the strata. Our analysis of depositional taphonomy at Natural Trap Cave provides confidence in the reliability of the microvertebrate community record, paving the way for future paleoecological analyses.
14 种圈养猛禽的膳食到颗粒的间隔。
DOI: --
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天然陷阱洞穴的发掘
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影响因子: 11.1
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