An investigation into the effects of X-ray on the recovery of ancient DNA from skeletal remains
An investigation into the effects of X-ray on the recovery of ancient DNA from skeletal remains
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2016.10.005
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Conlogue, Gerald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fehren-Schmitz, Lars;Kapp, Joshua;Conlogue, Gerald
常规X射线和计算机断层摄影(CT)等放射成像方法在生物考古研究中的应用通常被认为是非侵入性的。虽然这在宏观和微观层面上是正确的，但人们对分子水平上可能导致的损害知之甚少，这些损害可能会阻碍从这些标本中成功地恢复古代DNA(ADNA)。尽管一直有猜测称，暴露在辐射中的古代遗骸中发现的DNA可能会受到损害，但很少有研究发表。过去的研究试图确定X射线和计算机断层扫描对最近屠宰的动物骨骼DNA扩增的特定影响。尽管结果表明暴露在临床水平的辐射中会降低aDNA的恢复，但样品的未脱水状态可能会对结果产生偏差。在这项研究中，我们使用了来自9个史前和历史上的人的干燥的人类考古骨骼，并使用传统的X射线将它们暴露在不同水平的辐射下，以更准确地检查这个问题。利用鸟枪测序文库的下一代测序(NGS)、定量聚合酶链式反应(QPCR)和常染色体遗传标记的多重聚合酶链式反应，我们发现，无论是在考古成像研究中使用的常规X射线剂量(中等辐射)还是20倍的增加剂量(强辐射)，都不会对从这些古老标本中提取的DNA的数量和质量产生显著影响。我们的结论是，如果遵循简单的预防措施，放射成像方法在生物考古学中的应用不会损害后续aDNA研究的成功。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The application of radiographic imaging methods like conventional X-Ray and computed tomography (CT) in bioarchaeological research is normally considered to be non-invasive. While this holds true on the macro- and microscopic level, little is known about potentially induced damage on the molecular level that could inhibit the successful recovery of ancient DNA (aDNA) from such specimens. Although there has been speculation concerning possible damage to DNA recovered from ancient remains following exposure to radiation, little research has been published. Past studies attempted to determine the specific effect of X-ray and computed tomography on the amplification of DNA from bone of recently butchered animals. Although the results suggested exposure to clinical level of radiation decreased the recovery of aDNA, the un-dehydrated state of the samples might have biased the results. In this study we utilized dry human archaeological bones from nine prehistoric and historic individuals and exposed them to different levels of radiation using conventional X-ray to more accurately examine the issue. Employing Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of shotgun sequencing libraries, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and multiplex PCR of autosomal genetic markers we show that neither the exposure to conventional X-ray dosages (moderate irradiation) used in archaeological imaging studies nor 20-fold increased dosages (strong irradiation) have a significant effect on the quantity and quality of DNA that can be recovered from these ancient specimens. We conclude that the application of radiographic imaging methods in bioarchaeology does not impair the success of subsequent aDNA studies if simple precautions are followed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.