Toward an Interdisciplinary Understanding of Sensory Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integration of the Neural and Symptom Literatures.
Toward an Interdisciplinary Understanding of Sensory Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Integration of the Neural and Symptom Literatures.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2016.00268
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Bennetto L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schauder KB;Bennetto L
长期以来，感觉处理差异一直与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）联系在一起，最近它们被添加到该障碍的诊断标准中。在过去十年中，ASD研究中对感觉处理的关注大大增加。本研究从两个不同的角度进行：第一个侧重于描述对现实世界感官刺激的反应所表现出的症状，第二个侧重于感觉加工的神经通路和机制。本文的目的是整合近十年来关于ASD感觉加工的实证文献，包括表征感觉症状的研究和研究对感觉刺激的神经反应的研究。我们首先讨论定义，以澄清目前在该领域存在的术语中的一些不一致之处。接下来，对感觉症状的文献进行回顾，特别关注发育方面的考虑以及感觉症状与该障碍其他核心特征的关系。然后，回顾了神经科学文献，重点是方法论方法和特定的感觉模式。目前，这些感觉症状和神经科学的观点在很大程度上是相互独立发展的，导致了多个但独立的理论和方法，从而创造了一个多学科的方法来研究ASD的感觉加工。为了加深我们对ASD感觉处理的理解，现在将这两种研究观点结合起来并朝着跨学科的方向发展是至关重要的。这必然有助于更好地了解这些症状的潜在生物学基础，并有助于通过其在早期识别和治疗中的应用实现转化价值。本文最后提出了对未来研究的具体建议，以帮助弥合这两个研究视角，从而促进我们对ASD感觉加工的理解。
Sensory processing differences have long been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and they have recently been added to the diagnostic criteria for the disorder. The focus on sensory processing in ASD research has increased substantially in the last decade. This research has been approached from two different perspectives: the first focuses on characterizing the symptoms that manifest in response to real world sensory stimulation, and the second focuses on the neural pathways and mechanisms underlying sensory processing. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the empirical literature on sensory processing in ASD from the last decade, including both studies characterizing sensory symptoms and those that investigate neural response to sensory stimuli. We begin with a discussion of definitions to clarify some of the inconsistencies in terminology that currently exist in the field. Next, the sensory symptoms literature is reviewed with a particular focus on developmental considerations and the relationship of sensory symptoms to other core features of the disorder. Then, the neuroscience literature is reviewed with a focus on methodological approaches and specific sensory modalities. Currently, these sensory symptoms and neuroscience perspectives are largely developing independently from each other leading to multiple, but separate, theories and methods, thus creating a multidisciplinary approach to sensory processing in ASD. In order to progress our understanding of sensory processing in ASD, it is now critical to integrate these two research perspectives and move toward an interdisciplinary approach. This will inevitably aid in a better understanding of the underlying biological basis of these symptoms and help realize the translational value through its application to early identification and treatment. The review ends with specific recommendations for future research to help bridge these two research perspectives in order to advance our understanding of sensory processing in ASD.