Uric acid transport and disease
Uric acid transport and disease
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DOI：
10.1172/jci42344
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Thorens, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
So, Alexander;Thorens, Bernard
尿酸是人体嘌呤代谢的终产物。它具有抗氧化性能，可能具有保护作用，但也可能具有促氧化作用，具体取决于其化学微环境。高尿酸血症通过形成引起痛风的尿酸盐晶体而易患疾病，但高尿酸血症与晶体形成无关，也与高血压、动脉粥样硬化、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病有关。我们在这里讨论尿酸盐代谢的生物学及其在疾病中的作用。我们还包括尿酸转运的遗传学，包括URAT 1，以及最近的研究确定SLC2A9，它编码葡萄糖转运蛋白家族亚型Glut9，作为血浆尿酸水平和痛风发展的主要决定因素。
Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism in humans. It has antioxidant properties that may be protective but can also be pro-oxidant, depending on its chemical microenvironrnent. Hyperuricemia predisposes to disease through the formation of urate crystals that cause gout, but hyperuricemia, independent of crystal formation, has also been linked with hypertension, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and diabetes. We discuss here the biology of urate metabolism and its role in disease. We also cover the genetics of urate transport, including URAT1, and recent studies identifying SLC2A9, which encodes the glucose transporter family isoform Glut9, as a major determinant of plasma uric acid levels and of gout development.