Locomotor Mimicry in Butterflies? The Associations of Positions of Centres of Mass among Groups of Mimetic, Unprofitable Prey
Locomotor Mimicry in Butterflies? The Associations of Positions of Centres of Mass among Groups of Mimetic, Unprofitable Prey
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蝴蝶的运动模仿？
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1994.0017
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. B. Srygley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. B. Srygley
通过对赫利尼尼部落内18种蝴蝶及其10种非赫利柯林漫画的飞行相关形态参数的详细测量，我发现与飞行生物力学相关的形态参数与这些新热带蝴蝶的三种逃避策略有关：逃避飞行、厌恶和模仿。通过主成分分析，确定了两个不同的特征组合，一个与身体质量中心位置有关，另一个与机翼形状有关。第三个分量与机翼质量中心位置的相关性最高。通过身体中心和翅膀质量中心的位置可以最好地区分拟态群体，这表明这些特征在拟态群体中趋同。在由更可口的物种组成的模仿组中，质心被放置在更接近机翼底部的位置，可能减少了身体和机翼的径向惯性矩，并提高了飞行速度和转弯性能。捕食性被选为身体形态的选择，这提高了可口蝴蝶的飞行速度和机动性，而令人反感的物种的形态会影响飞行性能。趋同选择可能会减少起源于远亲谱系的拟态类群中物种的形态差异，因此它可能增强了最近进化为厌恶的谱系中可口和难吃蝴蝶的形态多样性。
With detailed measurements of flight-related morphological parameters of 18 species within the tribe Heliconiini and 10 of their non-heliconiine comimics, I found that morphological parameters relevant to flight biomechanics are associated with three escape tactics of these Neotropical butterflies: evasive flight, distastefulness, and mimicry. Two distinct character suites, one pertaining to the position of centre of body mass and another pertaining to wing shape, were identified using principal-components analysis. A third component correlated most highly with the position of centre of wing mass. Mimicry groups were best discriminated by the positions of centres of body and wing mass, suggesting that these features converged within mimicry groups. Centres of mass were positioned nearer to the wing base in mimicry groups composed of more palatable species, presumably decreasing the radial moments of inertia of the body and wings and increasing flight speed and turning performance. Predation has selected for body morphology that increases flight speed and manoeuvrability in palatable butterflies, whereas the morphology of distasteful species compromises flight performance. Convergent selection may reduce morphological differences of species within mimicry groups arising from distantly related lineages, and hence it may have enhanced the morphological diversification of palatable and unpalatable butterflies within lineages that have more recently evolved distastefulness.