Tryptophan Metabolism by Gut Microbiome and Gut-Brain-Axis: An in silico Analysis
Tryptophan Metabolism by Gut Microbiome and Gut-Brain-Axis: An in silico Analysis
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肠道微生物组和肠脑轴色氨酸代谢的计算机模拟分析
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2019.01365
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发表时间：
2019-12-18
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Mande, Sharmila S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaur, Harrisham;Bose, Chandrani;Mande, Sharmila S.
由于推测肠道微生物群落在改变肠脑轴（GBA）功能中的作用，肠道微生物群与大脑之间的联系正在慢慢得到承认。最近，一些通过色氨酸代谢产生的微生物代谢物（称为神经活性代谢物）被认为影响GBA。鉴于此，目前的研究重点是微生物色氨酸代谢途径，产生神经活性代谢物。对细菌基因组和公开的肠道微生物组数据进行了计算机分析。结果提供了细菌中分析途径的全面目录。分析表明，色氨酸代谢途径在五个与肠道相关的门中富集，即放线菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和梭杆菌门。此外，根据所分析的色氨酸代谢途径的数量，预测梭状芽孢杆菌、伯克霍尔德菌、链霉菌、假单胞菌和芽孢杆菌等5个属的色氨酸代谢途径丰富，这表明这些细菌群在肠道中代谢色氨酸的潜力更高。对神经系统疾病患者和健康个体肠道样本对应的现有微生物组数据的分析表明，不同组色氨酸代谢细菌途径可能与不同疾病的病因有关。从本研究中获得的见解有望为设计基于微生物组的神经系统疾病/障碍的诊断和治疗方法提供方向。
The link between gut microbiome and brain is being slowly acknowledged due to the speculated role of resident gut microbial community in altering the functions of gut-brain axis (GBA). Recently, a number of microbial metabolites (referred to as neuro-active metabolites) produced through tryptophan metabolism have been suggested to influence the GBA. In view of this, the current study focuses on microbial tryptophan metabolism pathways which produce neuro-active metabolites. An in silico analysis was performed on bacterial genomes as well as publicly available gut microbiome data. The results provide a comprehensive catalog of the analyzed pathways across bacteria. The analysis indicates an enrichment of tryptophan metabolism pathways in five gut-associated phyla, namely, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria. Further, five genera, namely, Clostridium, Burkholderia, Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus have been predicted to be enriched in terms of number of the analyzed tryptophan metabolism pathways, suggesting a higher potential of these bacterial groups to metabolize tryptophan in gut. Analysis of available microbiome data corresponding to gut samples from patients of neurological diseases and healthy individuals suggests probable association of different sets of tryptophan metabolizing bacterial pathways with the etiology of different diseases. The insights obtained from the present study are expected to provide directions toward designing of microbiome based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for neurological diseases/disorders.