Using Ecological Momentary Assessment to Identify Common Smoking Situations Among Korean American Emerging Adults.
Using Ecological Momentary Assessment to Identify Common Smoking Situations Among Korean American Emerging Adults.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11121-016-0687-7
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Huh, Jimi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cerrada, Christian Jules;Ra, Chaelin Karen;Shin, Hee-Sung;Dzubur, Eldin;Huh, Jimi
本研究提供了有关年轻韩裔美国吸烟者吸烟习惯的详细背景信息，目的是描述他们最有吸烟风险的情况。相关情境因素包括地点、社会背景、同时活动、一天中的时间、情感状态以及食物和饮料消费。使用 7 天的生态瞬时评估 (EMA)，参与者 (N=78) 被要求对全天随机安排的吸烟提示 (n=2,614) 和禁烟提示 (n=2,136) 做出反应。在每次提示时，参与者都完成了一项有关直接背景因素的简短调查。我们使用多层次模型来评估情境因素与吸烟之间的关联，并进一步探讨吸烟地点的分布和每个社会背景下的并发活动以及吸烟的原因。与非吸烟事件相比，吸烟事件与外出、有韩国朋友、社交、饮酒以及相对于平均压力水平承受更大的压力有关（所有 p < 0.01）。仅涉及吸烟事件的进一步分析表明，当参与者单独吸烟时，他们最常在家（50%）并且最常在学习/工作（28%）。当与韩国朋友一起吸烟时，参与者最常在户外（38%）和社交（54%）。当通过吸烟来减少烟瘾时，参与者最常呆在家里（39%）和学习/工作（25%）。据我们所知，这是第一项详细描述年轻韩裔美国吸烟者实时吸烟情况的研究。需要这种粒度的信息来制定有效的及时适应性干预措施（JITAI）来戒烟。
The present study provides detailed contextual information about smoking habits among young Korean American smokers with the goal of characterizing situations where they are most at risk for smoking. Relevant situational factors included location, social context, concurrent activities, time of day, affective states, and food and beverage consumption. Using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over 7 days, participants (N=78) were instructed to respond to smoking prompts (n=2,614) and non-smoking prompts (n=2,136) randomly scheduled throughout the day. At each prompt, participants completed a short survey about immediate contextual factors. We used multilevel models to evaluate the association between contextual factors and smoking and further explored the distribution of smoking locations and concurrent activities across each social context and reason for smoking. Compared to non-smoking events, smoking events were associated with being outside, the presence of Korean friends, socializing, consuming alcohol, and experiencing more stress relative to one’s average stress level (all p’s < 0.01). Further analyses involving only smoking events showed that when participants smoked alone, they were most commonly at home (50%) and most often studying/working (28%). When smoking with Korean friends, participants were most often outside (38%) and socializing (54%). When smoking to reduce craving, participants were most often at home (39%) and studying/working (25%). To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide detailed descriptions of real-time smoking contexts among young Korean American smokers. Information with this level of granularity is needed to develop effective just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) for smoking cessation.
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