Greater memory impairment in dementing females than males relative to sex-matched healthy controls.
Greater memory impairment in dementing females than males relative to sex-matched healthy controls.
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DOI：
10.1080/13803395.2015.1132298
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Thompson J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gale SD;Baxter L;Thompson J
以前，我们证明了健康老年人情景记忆的性别差异，并建议按性别分开的规范性数据。本研究将记忆测量的性别差异扩展到两个临床人群，轻度认知障碍（MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）。76例MCI受试者和101例由多学科小组诊断的AD受试者被纳入。这两组还与177名健康老年对照组进行了比较。Rey听觉言语学习测试（RAVLT）（总回忆和延迟回忆）原始评分和简明视觉空间记忆测试修订版（BVMT-R）的性别差异在健康组中得到证实，但在MCI或AD组中没有。根据健康对照组计算两个痴呆组的性别Z分数表明，与健康和痴呆男性相比，健康和痴呆女性之间的表现差距更大。与健康男性对照组相比，MCI女性的总语言学习平均比MCI男性低0.48个标准差。对于语言延迟回忆，这个差距差距甚至更大，为1.09个标准差。同样，在BVMT-R（一种视觉记忆的测量方法）上，总视觉学习的差异为0.60标准差，延迟回忆的差异为0.99标准差。这种相同的性别差异，与对照组相比，女性比男性表现出更大的损害，也存在于AD组。与性别匹配的健康对照组相比，痴呆女性的记忆障碍大于男性，这不太可能是由于更严重的疾病，因为女性在临床痴呆评定量表、简易精神状态检查、痴呆评定量表上的表现与男性相当，并且在年龄、教育程度和载脂蛋白状态方面也相似。本研究表明，与对照组相比，MCI或AD女性的记忆障碍相对较大。
Previously we demonstrated sex differences in episodic memory in healthy elderly and suggested that normative data be separated by sex. The present study extended the exploration of sex differences on memory measures into two clinical populations, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Seventy-six subjects with MCI and 101 subjects with AD diagnosed by a multidisciplinary team were included. These two groups were also compared to a group of 177 healthy elderly control participants. Sex differences on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) (total and delayed recall) raw scores and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) were demonstrated within the healthy but not MCI or AD groups. Calculating Z-scores by sex for both dementing groups based on the healthy controls suggested a larger performance gap between healthy and dementing women as compared to healthy and dementing men. MCI females were on average 0.48 standard deviations lower for total verbal learning compared to healthy female controls than were MCI males when compared to healthy male controls. For verbal delayed recall the gap was even larger, 1.09 standard deviations. Similarly, on the BVMT-R, a measure of visual memory, the difference was 0.60 standard deviations for total visual learning and 0.99 standard deviations for delayed recall. This same sex difference, with females showing greater impairment compared to the controls group than did the males, was also present within the AD group. The greater memory impairment in dementing females rather than males when compared to sex matched healthy controls was unlikely to be due to more severe illness since females performed equivalently to males on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, Mini-mental Status Examination, Dementia Rating Scale, and were also similar for age, education, and apolipoprotein status. The present study suggested relatively greater memory impairment in females with MCI or AD compared to controls.