Production of metabolites as bacterial responses to the marine environment.
Production of metabolites as bacterial responses to the marine environment.
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DOI：
10.3390/md8030705
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发表时间：
2010-03-17
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Fernandes P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Carvalho CC;Fernandes P
海洋环境中的细菌常常处于诸如压力、温度、盐度和微量营养素耗竭等极端条件下，其生存和繁殖往往取决于产生生物活性化合物的能力。一些海洋细菌会产生生物表面活性剂，通过提高疏水性低水溶性底物的生物利用度来帮助运输它们。然而，也有与重金属结合、群体感应和生物膜形成相关的其他功能被描述。就金属离子而言，细菌发展出一种涉及释放结合剂以提高其生物利用度的策略。对于几乎不溶于水的Fe³⁺离子，细菌会分泌铁载体，它与该离子形成可溶性复合物，使细胞能够摄取细胞功能所需的铁。已经观察到海洋细菌的脂质组成会因压力、温度和盐度的环境变化而发生适应性改变。一些脂肪酸，包括二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸，仅在深海细菌的原核生物中有报道。细胞膜通透性也可通过产生藿烷类化合物来适应极端环境条件，藿烷类是五环三萜类化合物，在真核生物中具有类似于胆固醇的功能。细菌还能产生一些分子，这些分子可阻止竞争环境中具有挑战性的生物的附着、生长和/或生存。这些化合物的产生在表面附着的菌株以及生物膜中的菌株中尤为重要。海洋细菌作为对苛刻条件的适应性反应而产生的各种各样的化合物使它们成为筛选具有商业价值的生物功能化合物的合适候选对象。海洋细菌产生的生物表面活性剂可能有助于在不同的工业过程以及碳氢化合物污染场地的生物修复中增加传质。铁载体在例如治疗金属离子失衡疾病时是必需的，而防污化合物可用于处理在海洋环境中使用的人造表面。新型抗生素能够有效对抗对现有抗生素有抗性的细菌。本研究旨在对海洋细菌为应对侵入性环境而产生的代谢产物进行全面综述，并阐明这些代谢产物如何在从生物修复到健康和制药等多个相关领域中得到有利应用。
Bacteria in marine environments are often under extreme conditions of e.g., pressure, temperature, salinity, and depletion of micronutrients, with survival and proliferation often depending on the ability to produce biologically active compounds. Some marine bacteria produce biosurfactants, which help to transport hydrophobic low water soluble substrates by increasing their bioavailability. However, other functions related to heavy metal binding, quorum sensing and biofilm formation have been described. In the case of metal ions, bacteria developed a strategy involving the release of binding agents to increase their bioavailability. In the particular case of the Fe3+ ion, which is almost insoluble in water, bacteria secrete siderophores that form soluble complexes with the ion, allowing the cells to uptake the iron required for cell functioning. Adaptive changes in the lipid composition of marine bacteria have been observed in response to environmental variations in pressure, temperature and salinity. Some fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, have only been reported in prokaryotes in deep-sea bacteria. Cell membrane permeability can also be adapted to extreme environmental conditions by the production of hopanoids, which are pentacyclic triterpenoids that have a function similar to cholesterol in eukaryotes. Bacteria can also produce molecules that prevent the attachment, growth and/or survival of challenging organisms in competitive environments. The production of these compounds is particularly important in surface attached strains and in those in biofilms. The wide array of compounds produced by marine bacteria as an adaptive response to demanding conditions makes them suitable candidates for screening of compounds with commercially interesting biological functions. Biosurfactants produced by marine bacteria may be helpful to increase mass transfer in different industrial processes and in the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites. Siderophores are necessary e.g., in the treatment of diseases with metal ion imbalance, while antifouling compounds could be used to treat man-made surfaces that are used in marine environments. New classes of antibiotics could efficiently combat bacteria resistant to the existing antibiotics. The present work aims to provide a comprehensive review of the metabolites produced by marine bacteria in order to cope with intrusive environments, and to illustrate how such metabolites can be advantageously used in several relevant areas, from bioremediation to health and pharmaceutical sectors.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Barbeau, K;Rue, EL;Butler, A
通讯作者：
Butler, A
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
CROWLEY, DE;REID, CPP;SZANISZLO, PJ
通讯作者：
SZANISZLO, PJ
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Armstrong, E;Granger, J;Price, NM
通讯作者：
Price, NM
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Budzikiewicz, Herbert
通讯作者：
Budzikiewicz, Herbert
DOI：
10.1023/a:1023348928376
发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Brown, GR;Sutcliffe, IC;Cummings, SP
通讯作者：
Cummings, SP