Melt-affected ocean crust and uppermost mantle near Hawaii—clues from ambient-noise phase velocity and seafloor compliance

Melt-affected ocean crust and uppermost mantle near Hawaii—clues from ambient-noise phase velocity and seafloor compliance
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夏威夷附近受融化影响的洋壳和最上地幔——来自环境噪声相速度和海底顺应性的线索

DOI:
10.1093/gji/ggaa470
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Laske, G
Laske, G
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Doran, A K;Laske, G

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我们提出了夏威夷隆起和周围地区的地壳和上地幔结构模型。这些模型来自环境噪声中期瑞利波相速度和海底顺应性,这些顺应性是从夏威夷地幔柱-岩石圈海底地幔实验(PLUME)期间收集的连续地震和压力记录中估计的。在考虑了当地水深测量和沉积物特性的变化后,我们在50多个海底仪器的位置共同反演了这些数据。我们的研究结果表明,结晶地壳是高达15公里厚的隆起下,高达23公里厚的岛屿附近。异常厚的地壳向夏威夷下游的老海山延伸。在第二个地区,异常直接到南部的夏威夷可能与前缘的浅夏威夷岩浆管道。在第三个区域,夏威夷以西的加厚地壳可能与白垩纪海山有关。在夏威夷东北部的最上层地幔中发现的低地震速度可能与莫洛凯断裂带有关,并可能表明熔体通过上部岩石圈的复杂非垂直路径。速度异常的幅度减少对表面,这表明熔体成为集中到管道在20和40公里之间的深度逃脱我们的数据集的分辨率能力。
We present models of crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath the Hawaiian Swell and surrounding region. The models were derived from ambient-noise intermediate-period Rayleigh-wave phase velocities and from seafloor compliance that were estimated from continuous seismic and pressure recordings collected during the Hawaiian Plume-Lithosphere Undersea Mantle Experiment (PLUME). We jointly inverted these data at the locations of over 50 ocean-bottom instruments, after accounting for variations in local bathymetry and sediment properties. Our results suggest that the crystalline crust is up to 15 km thick beneath the swell and up to 23 km thick closer to the islands. Anomalously thick crust extends towards the older seamounts, downstream of Hawaii. In a second region, anomalies immediately to the south of Hawaii may be associated with the leading edge of the shallow Hawaiian magma conduit. In a third region, thickened crust to the immediate west of Hawaii may be related to Cretaceous seamounts. Low seismic velocities identified in the uppermost mantle to the northeast of Hawaii may be linked to the Molokai fracture zone and may be manifest of complex non-vertical pathways of melt through the upper lithosphere. Velocity anomalies decrease in amplitude towards the surface, suggesting that melt becomes focused into conduits at depths between 20 and 40 km that escape the resolution capabilities of our data set.
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