Distribution, Diversity, and Seasonality of Waterborne Salmonellae in a Rural Watershed
Distribution, Diversity, and Seasonality of Waterborne Salmonellae in a Rural Watershed
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/aem.01648-08
复制
发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Lipp, Erin K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haley, Bradd J.;Cole, Dana J.;Lipp, Erin K.
沙门氏菌从受污染的水和非动物性食物中爆发（例如，生产）的报道越来越多。为了解决环境作为致病性沙门氏菌的一个潜在来源，我们调查了沙门氏菌的水平和沙门氏菌血清型的地理和时间变化，从表面沃茨在格鲁吉亚（美国）的一个地区的沙门氏菌病的高发病率的历史。每月从小河（Suwannee盆地上游）的六个站点收集水样12个月（2005年4月至2006年4月）。使用三步最可能数（MPN）测定法对沙门氏菌进行计数。在采集的72份水样中，有57份检出沙门氏菌，检出率为79.2%。沙门氏菌的月密度范围从2005年4月的2.5升（-1）到2005年8月的36.3升（-1）;与其他季节相比，夏季的浓度显著较高（P < 0.05）。各站点之间的浓度没有显著差异。鲑鱼的水平与平均日降雨量的流域前1和2天，每个样本采集（r = 0.77和0.68，分别为P < 0.005）。水温与沙门氏菌总数呈正相关（r = 0.44; P < 0.05）。总共有13个S。在197株沙门氏菌分离株中鉴定出肠道沙门氏菌血清型。80株（40.6%）被鉴定为S.菌肠道亚种亚利桑那州。Muenchen和Rubislaw是其余117株分离株中最常见的血清型（分别为28株和26株）。血清型多样性在夏季达到高峰，8月份观察到9种血清型，而只有一种血清型（S。菌肠道亚种2005年和2006年4月观察到的2005年和2006年4月的2005年，此外，8月份采集的所有样本（6/6）均含有多种血清型（每个样本2至5种）。这项研究的结果表明，沙门氏菌在环境中的丰度和多样性随时间变化，并强烈影响季节性降水和水温。
Salmonella outbreaks from contaminated water and nonanimal foods (e.g., produce) are increasingly reported. To address the environment as a potential source of pathogenic Salmonella, we investigated levels of salmonellae and the geographic and temporal variation of Salmonella serotypes from surface waters in a region of Georgia (United States) with a history of high salmonellosis case rates. Monthly water samples were collected from six stations in the Little River (Upper Suwannee Basin) for 12 months (April 2005 to April 2006). Salmonellae were enumerated using a three-step most-probable-number (MPN) assay. Salmonellae were detected in 57 of the 72 water samples collected (79.2%). Monthly Salmonella densities ranged from an MPN of 2.5 liter(-1) in April 2005 to 36.3 liter(-1) in August 2005; concentrations were significantly higher in the summer months compared to other seasons (P < 0.05). Concentrations were not significantly different between stations. Levels of salmonellae were correlated with average daily watershed rainfall for the 1 and 2 days preceding each sample collection (r = 0.77 and 0.68, respectively; P < 0.005). Additionally, water temperature was also positively associated with total Salmonella levels (r = 0.44; P < 0.05). In total, 13 S. enterica serotypes were identified among 197 Salmonella isolates. Eighty (40.6%) were identified as S. enterica subsp. arizonae. Muenchen and Rubislaw were the most frequently identified serotypes of the remaining 117 isolates (28 and 26 isolates, respectively). Serotype diversity peaked in the summer, with 9 serotypes observed in August compared to only one serotype (S. enterica subsp. arizonae) observed in April (2005 and 2006) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, all samples collected in August (6/6) contained multiple serotypes (two to five per sample). The results of this study suggest that Salmonella abundance and diversity in the environment vary temporally and are strongly influenced by seasonal precipitation and water temperature.