Anterior-posterior patterning and segmentation of the vertebrate head.
Anterior-posterior patterning and segmentation of the vertebrate head.
复制标题
脊椎动物头部的前后图案和分割。
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icn081
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Schilling,ThomasF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schilling,ThomasF
脊椎动物头部的分割出现在建立前后（A-P）轴的早期过程中。最近的遗传学研究和跨物种的比较，导致更好地了解A-P模式和分割之间的联系。这表明作用于头部和躯干的类似信号，如视黄酸和成纤维细胞生长因子。这些形成相互作用的网络扩散形态梯度图案后脑菱球和中胚层体节。新的计算模型，特别是维甲酸，揭示了形态梯度是如何建立和强大的信号水平的变化。然而，这些梯度的方向，以及它们如何相互作用以产生片段，在胚层和身体区域之间存在显着差异。因此，脊椎动物的头部部分是通过修改连接A-P模式和躯干分割的相同过程建立的，但这些过程如何部署的根本差异进一步怀疑头部和躯干部分是同源的。
Segmentation of the vertebrate head emerges out of earlier processes that establish the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis. Recent genetic studies and comparisons across species have led to a better understanding of the links between A-P patterning and segmentation. These point to similar signals acting on both head and trunk, such as retinoic acid and fibroblast growth factors. These form interacting networks of diffusible morphogen gradients that pattern both hindbrain rhombomeres and mesodermal somites. New computational models, particularly for retinoic acid, have revealed how morphogen gradients are established and made robust to changes in signaling levels. However, the orientations of these gradients, as well as how they interact to generate segments, differ remarkably between germ layers and body regions. Thus, the vertebrate head is, in part, built through modifications of the same processes that link A-P patterning and segmentation in the trunk, but fundamental differences in how these processes are deployed lend further doubt to the notion that head and trunk segments are homologous.