Trends in US life expectancy gradients: the role of changing educational composition
Trends in US life expectancy gradients: the role of changing educational composition
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/dyv062
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Hendi, Arun S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hendi, Arun S.
背景资料：我研究了年龄模式和教育分布的变化在1991年至2005.Methods之间的非西班牙裔白人预期寿命的教育梯度驱动趋势的作用：数据来自1986-2004年全国健康访谈调查，死亡率随访至2006年。预期寿命按性别、时期和教育程度计算。年龄分解的预期寿命梯度和成分调整后的预期寿命计算占年龄模式和转移的教育distributions.Results：预期寿命在25岁之间的白色男性增加了所有的教育群体，受教育程度最低的白色妇女和增加白色妇女与大学学位。受教育程度低于高中的白色妇女的预期寿命下降主要来自85岁以上的年龄组。白色男性和女性的预期寿命的教育梯度扩大。三分之一的梯度是由于年龄在50岁以下。白色妇女和男子在25岁至85岁之间预期寿命梯度的扩大，约有26%（0.7岁）和87%（0.8岁）可归因于教育分布的变化。超过一半的下降，在暂时的预期寿命之间的受教育程度最低的白色妇女是由于组成changes.Conclusions：预期寿命增加了白色男性的所有教育群体和减少了白色妇女与不到高中教育，虽然没有在以前的研究报告的程度。妇女受教育程度预期寿命的变化很大一部分是85岁以上年龄组造成的，这一事实表明，机构收容方面的变化可能会影响估计数。教育方面的预期寿命变化和预期寿命教育梯度的增长，主要是由于个人在教育类别中的分布发生变化。
Background: I examined age patterns and the role of shifting educational distributions in driving trends in educational gradients in life expectancy among non-Hispanic Whites between 1991 and 2005.Methods: Data were from the 1986-2004 National Health Interview Survey with mortality follow-up through 2006. Life expectancies were computed by sex, period and education. Age decompositions of life expectancy gradients and composition-adjusted life expectancies were computed to account for age patterns and shifting educational distributions.Results: Life expectancy at age 25 among White men increased for all education groups, decreased among the least-educated White women and increased among White women with college degrees. Much of the decline in measured life expectancy for White women with less than a high school education comes from the 85+ age group. Educational gradients in life expectancy widened for White men and women. One-third of the gradient is due to ages below 50. Approximately 26% (0.7 years) and 87% (0.8 years) of the widening of the gradient in life expectancy between ages 25 and 85 for White women and men is attributable to shifting education distributions. Over half of the decline in temporary life expectancy among the least-educated White women is due to compositional change.Conclusions: Life expectancy has increased among White men for all education groups and has decreased among White women with less than a high school education, though not to the extent reported in previous studies. The fact that a large proportion of the change in education-specific life expectancy among women is due to the 85+ age group suggests changes in institutionalization may be affecting estimates. Much of the change in education-specific life expectancy and the growth in the educational gradient in life expectancy is due to the shifting distribution of individuals across education categories.