One River: Explorations and Discoveries in the Amazon Rain Forest
One River: Explorations and Discoveries in the Amazon Rain Forest
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一条河：亚马逊雨林的探索与发现
DOI：
10.2307/1576526
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
W. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Davis
1974-75 年，韦德·戴维斯 (Wade Davis) 和蒂姆·普洛曼 (Tim Plowman) 走遍了南美洲，生活在十几个印第安部落中，采集药用植物并寻找古柯的起源，古柯是安第斯山脉的神圣叶子，也是臭名昭著的可卡因来源。这是一次由他们的哈佛导师理查德·埃文斯·舒尔特斯启发并促成的旅程。理查德·埃文斯·舒尔特斯是本世纪南美洲最重要的科学探险家，其成就可与达尔文和维多利亚时代伟大的自然主义探险家相媲美。 1941 年，在鉴定出失传已久的阿兹特克致幻剂 ololiuqui，并收集了墨西哥神圣蘑菇 teonanacatl 的第一批标本后，舒尔茨从哈佛大学请假，消失在哥伦比亚西北部亚马逊地区。十二年后，他从南美洲回来，去过外人从未去过的地方，绘制了未知的河流地图，并生活在两打印第安部落中。他收集了大约两万个植物标本，其中包括三百个新物种，并记录了当地萨满的宝贵知识。舒尔茨是世界植物致幻剂方面的权威，对他的学生来说，他是遥远时代的活生生的纽带，当时热带雨林广阔无垠，不可侵犯，绿色的外衣延伸到整个大陆。近三十年后，当戴维斯和普洛曼开始他们的旅程时，这个世界已经发生了巨大的变化，并且在今天发生了进一步的变化。
In 1974-75, Wade Davis and Tim Plowman traveled the length of South America, living among a dozen Indian tribes, collecting medicinal plants and searching for the origins of coca, the sacred leaf of the Andes and the notorious source of cocaine. It was a journey inspired and made possible by their Harvard mentor, Richard Evans Schultes, the most important scientific explorer in South America in this century, whose exploits rival those of Darwin and the great naturalist explorers of the Victorian age. In 1941, after having identified ololiuqui, the long-lost Aztec hallucinogen, and having collected the first specimens of teonanacatl, the sacred mushroom of Mexico, Schultes took a leave of absence from Harvard and disappeared into the Northwest Amazon of Colombia. Twelve years later, he returned from South America, having gone places no outsider had ever been, mapping uncharted rivers and living among two dozen Indian tribes. He collected some twenty thousand botanical specimens, including three hundred species new to science, and documented the invaluable knowledge of native shamans. The world's leading authority on plant hallucinogens, Schultes was for his students a living link to a distant time when the tropical rain forests stood immense, inviolable, a mantle of green stretching across entire continents. It was a world greatly changed by the time Davis and Plowman began their journey, nearly thirty years later, and changed further today.