Venus Express mission
Venus Express mission
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DOI：
10.1029/2008je003290
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发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Svedhem;D. Titov;F. Taylor;O. Witasse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Svedhem;D. Titov;F. Taylor;O. Witasse
[1]金星快车很健康，两年多来，它一直在提供来自我们附近的孪生行星金星的令人兴奋的新数据。许多新的结果将在这一特别部分的后续论文中介绍和讨论。金星快车的总体科学目标是对金星大气进行详细研究，包括高层大气与太阳风的相互作用，以及大气最底层与行星表面的相互作用。此外，还讨论了等离子体环境和磁场以及行星表面的某些方面。调查首次系统地使用透明红外光谱窗，以便从四个维度探测大气：三个空间维度加上时间。航天器的设计取自火星快车，由于金星周围的特殊环境，需要进行一些必要的修改。有效载荷由三个光谱仪、一个相机、一个磁强计、一个高能粒子探测仪器和一个射电科学包组成。轨道是极地和高度椭圆形的，北极地区的近心高度约为200公里，远心高度为66,000公里。目前，南半球的覆盖面很好，但仍然存在重要差距。北半球的覆盖面要小得多。金星快车是欧洲航天局探索内太阳系计划的一部分，该计划包括研究太阳、水星、金星、月球、火星、彗星和小行星的任务。
[1] Venus Express is well and healthy and has now been providing exciting new data from Venus, our nearby twin planet, for over 2 years. Many of the new results are presented and discussed in the subsequent papers in this special section. The overall scientific objective of Venus Express is to carry out a detailed study of the atmosphere of Venus, including the interaction of the upper atmosphere with the solar wind and the interaction of the lowest part of the atmosphere with the surface of the planet. In addition, the plasma environment and magnetic fields as well as some aspects of the surface of the planet are addressed. For the first time, investigations make systematic use of the transparent infrared spectral windows in order to probe the atmosphere in four dimensions: three spatial dimensions plus time. The spacecraft design is taken from Mars Express with some modifications necessary owing to the specific environment around Venus. The payload is composed of three spectrometers, a camera, a magnetometer, an instrument for detecting energetic particles, and a radio science package. The orbit is polar and highly elliptic, with a pericenter altitude of about 200 km over the northern polar region and an apocenter altitude of 66,000 km. Presently, the coverage of the southern hemisphere is very good, but important gaps still do exist. The coverage of the northern hemisphere is much less dense. Venus Express is a part of the European Space Agency's program for the exploration of the inner solar system, which includes missions to study the Sun, Mercury, Venus, the Moon, Mars, and comets and asteroids.