Techno-economic optimization and environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of microgrids located in the US using genetic algorithm
Techno-economic optimization and environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of microgrids located in the US using genetic algorithm
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2018.11.072
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Prashant Nagapurkar;Joseph D. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prashant Nagapurkar;Joseph D. Smith
开发了一种方法来评估位于美国图森、拉伯克和迪金森等城市的小型微电网的技术经济和环境绩效。提供不间断电力的微电网由七个部分组成——太阳能光伏发电、风力涡轮机、铅酸电池、生物柴油发电机、燃料电池、电解槽和h2tank。首先，开发并验证了预测每个组件每小时发电量的详细数学模型。其次，基于电力调度策略，采用进化优化技术——遗传算法（GA）确定具有最低LCOE （Levelized Cost Energy）的配置。使用穷举搜索技术对单个家庭微电网的结果进行验证，该技术扫描整个设计空间以找到最低的LCOE配置。随后，微电网规模增加，以满足10户和50户的电力需求，并使用遗传算法确定了新的最低LCOE配置，以检验规模经济对可持续性的影响。所获得的lcoe范围为0.32-0.42美元/千瓦时，并与文献中类似的经济分析进行了比较。碳足迹（LCA温室气体排放-二氧化碳当量）极低，约为同等传统电网的十分之一。
A methodology was developed that assessed the techno-economic and environmental performance of a small scale microgrid located in US cities of Tucson, Lubbock and Dickinson. Providing uninterrupted power the microgrid was composed of seven components - solar photovoltaics, wind-turbines, lead acid batteries, biodiesel generators, fuel cells, electrolyzers and H2tanks. Firstly, detailed mathematical models that predicted the hourly energy generation for each of the components were developed and validated. Secondly, based on an electricity dispatch strategy, configurations having lowest LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) were determined using an evolutionary optimization technique - Genetic Algorithm (GA). Results for a single home microgrid were verified using an exhaustive search technique that scanned the entire design space to find the lowest LCOE configuration. The microgrid size was subsequently increased to satisfy power requirements for 10 and 50 homes and new lowest LCOE configurations were determined using GA to examine the economies of scale effect on sustainability. The LCOEs obtained were in the range of $0.32–0.42/kWh and were also compared with similar economic analyses available in the literature. The carbon footprint (LCA GHG emissions – CO2eq.) was extremely low and was approximately 1/10th as that of an equivalent conventional electric grid.