Sustainable coccidiosis control in poultry production: the role of live vaccines
Sustainable coccidiosis control in poultry production: the role of live vaccines
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0020-7519(01)00362-9
复制
发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Williams, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman, HD;Cherry, TE;Williams, RB
新的球虫病疫苗接种方法的发展促进了其在孵化场的使用，从而改善了肉鸡经济接种的前景。接种疫苗后进一步暴露于感染可增强对艾美耳球虫属物种的保护性免疫力。考虑了影响非减毒和减毒疫苗繁殖效率的因素，并讨论了卵囊产生在鸡群中建立和维持统一免疫力的关键作用。除了免疫之外，应用某些疫苗的一个可能的优点是，它们的使用可以使家禽饲养场重新充满对药物敏感的生物体。理论轮换方案，其中使用的药物是交替与疫苗的描述。在疫苗开发和后续使用期间，应考虑相同种属菌株之间交叉保护性免疫应答的变异性。不太常见的艾美耳球虫种属（未包括在所有疫苗中）的重要性也需要评估。一个重要的考虑因素是在接种球虫病疫苗的鸡群中是否出现艾美耳球虫以外的病原体（如梭菌），以及控制它们的方法。需要对家禽的细菌和病毒感染与球虫病疫苗接种之间的关系进行更多的研究。需要开发易于应用且具有成本效益的疫苗，以便在世界上小规模家禽生产司空见惯的地区使用。在不久的将来，很可能会开发出更多的基于来自艾美耳球虫减毒株的卵囊的活疫苗，但从长远来看，疫苗将基于选择性地向宿主呈递可以诱导保护性免疫的特异性分子。这一成就将需要私营和公共部门的大量投资，如果成功，将有助于可持续地控制家禽生产中的球虫病。(C)2002年澳大利亚寄生虫学会由Elsevier Science Ltd.出版，版权所有。
The development of new methods of administering coccidiosis vaccines has facilitated their use in the hatchery and thereby improved prospects for the economic vaccination of broilers. The acquisition of protective immunity to Eimeria species is boosted by further exposure to infection after vaccination. Factors that affect the reproductive efficiency of non-attenuated and attenuated vaccines are considered and the key role that oocyst production plays in establishing and maintaining uniform immunity in a flock of chickens is discussed. In addition to immunisation, a possible advantage to the application of certain vaccines is that their use could repopulate poultry houses with drug-sensitive organisms. Theoretical rotation programmes in which the use of drugs is alternated with that of vaccines are described. Variability of the cross-protective immune response between strains of the same species should be considered during vaccine development and subsequent use. The significance of less common species of Eimeria, not included in all vaccines, also needs to be assessed. An important consideration is the occurrence of pathogens other than Eimeria (such as the bacterium Clostridium) in flocks given coccidiosis vaccines and the methods by which they might be controlled. More research is required into the relationship between bacterial and viral infections of poultry and coccidiosis vaccination. Vaccines need to be developed that are simple to apply and cost effective for use in areas of the world where small-scale poultry production is commonplace. In the near future it is likely that more live vaccines based upon oocysts derived from attenuated strains of Eimeria will be developed but in the longer term vaccines will be based on the selective presentation to the host of specific molecules that can induce protective immunity. This achievement will require significant investment from the private and public sectors, and, if successful, will facilitate the sustainable control of coccidiosis in poultry production. (C) 2002 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.