Infection-associated nuclear degeneration in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae requires non-selective macro-autophagy.
Infection-associated nuclear degeneration in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae requires non-selective macro-autophagy.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0033270
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Talbot NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He M;Kershaw MJ;Soanes DM;Xia Y;Talbot NJ
稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe granulosa精心设计了一种称为附着胞的特殊感染结构，以突破水稻叶片表面并进入植物组织。附着胞的发育受细胞周期进程控制，在附着胞形成之前发生单轮核分裂。在有丝分裂之后，孢子的细胞程序性死亡总是伴随着附着胞的发育。孢子中的核变性是植物感染所必需的，但其发生的确切机制尚不清楚。在酵母中，核分解需要一种特定形式的自噬，称为核的碎片微自噬（PMN），因此我们研究了这一过程是否发生在稻瘟病真菌中。在这里，我们报告说，M。P2P具有两个保守的组成部分，一个假定的PMN途径，MoVac8和MoTsc13，但这两个都是植物感染过程中的核破裂。MoVAC 8编码空泡膜蛋白，MoTSC 13编码核周和外周ER蛋白。我们发现MoVAC 8基因对咖啡因抗性是必需的，但对M. MoTSC 13参与细胞壁应激反应，是重要的毒力决定因子。通过对ΔMoatg1和ΔMoatg4突变体的功能分析，我们证明了感染相关的M.而非选择性的自噬则是稻瘟病所必需的。
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae elaborates a specialized infection structure called an appressorium to breach the rice leaf surface and gain access to plant tissue. Appressorium development is controlled by cell cycle progression, and a single round of nuclear division occurs prior to appressorium formation. Mitosis is always followed by programmed cell death of the spore from which the appressorium develops. Nuclear degeneration in the spore is known to be essential for plant infection, but the precise mechanism by which it occurs is not known. In yeast, nuclear breakdown requires a specific form of autophagy, known as piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus (PMN), and we therefore investigated whether this process occurs in the rice blast fungus. Here, we report that M. oryzae possesses two conserved components of a putative PMN pathway, MoVac8 and MoTsc13, but that both are dispensable for nuclear breakdown during plant infection. MoVAC8 encodes a vacuolar membrane protein and MoTSC13 a peri-nuclear and peripheral ER protein. We show that MoVAC8 is necessary for caffeine resistance, but dispensable for pathogenicity of M. oryzae, while MoTSC13 is involved in cell wall stress responses and is an important virulence determinant. By functional analysis of ΔMoatg1 and ΔMoatg4 mutants, we demonstrate that infection-associated nuclear degeneration in M. oryzae instead occurs by non-selective macroautophagy, which is necessary for rice blast disease.
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