Quantum and nonlinear effects in light transmitted through planar atomic arrays
Quantum and nonlinear effects in light transmitted through planar atomic arrays
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DOI：
10.1038/s42005-020-00404-3
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发表时间：
2019-07
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
R. J. Bettles;Mark D. Lee;S. Gardiner;J. Ruostekoski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. J. Bettles;Mark D. Lee;S. Gardiner;J. Ruostekoski
理解密集和冷原子系综中的强合作光学响应对于基础科学和新兴量子技术至关重要。然而，在这样的系统中的光诱导量子效应的特征的方法仍然缺乏。在这里，我们明确地确定显着的量子多体效应，强大的位置波动和强偶极-偶极相互作用，从平面原子系综散射光比较全量子模拟与忽略量子波动的半经典模型。我们发现在高原子密度，光接近饱和强度，和周围的次辐射共振明显的量子效应。这样的条件也最大化了原子之间的自旋-自旋关联和纠缠，揭示了光致量子效应的微观起源。在几个感兴趣的制度，我们的近似模型再现光传输非常好，允许分析，否则数值上无法访问的大型合奏，在其中我们观察到多体类似物的共振功率加宽，真空拉比分裂，并显着抑制从原子阵列的合作反射。
Understanding strong cooperative optical responses in dense and cold atomic ensembles is vital for fundamental science and emerging quantum technologies. Methodologies for characterizing light-induced quantum effects in such systems, however, are still lacking. Here we unambiguously identify significant quantum many-body effects, robust to position fluctuations and strong dipole–dipole interactions, in light scattered from planar atomic ensembles by comparing full quantum simulations with a semiclassical model neglecting quantum fluctuations. We find pronounced quantum effects at high atomic densities, light close to saturation intensity, and around subradiant resonances. Such conditions also maximize spin–spin correlations and entanglement between atoms, revealing the microscopic origin of light-induced quantum effects. In several regimes of interest, our approximate model reproduces light transmission remarkably well, permitting analysis of otherwise numerically inaccessible large ensembles, in which we observe many-body analogues of resonance power broadening, vacuum Rabi splitting, and significant suppression in cooperative reflection from atomic arrays.