Sward patterns created by patch grazing are stable over more than a decade

Sward patterns created by patch grazing are stable over more than a decade
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斑块放牧形成的草地图案十多年来保持稳定

DOI:
10.1111/gfs.12389
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Isselstein J.
Isselstein J.
中科院分区:
农林科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tonn B;Raab C;Isselstein J.

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在大范围放牧条件下,常形成频繁落叶的短斑块和很少落叶的高斑块的马赛克格局。这种斑块放牧模式的农学和生态后果在很大程度上取决于它在连续几年之间的稳定性。在2002年建立的一项放牧实验中,我们评估了三种放牧强度(适度、宽松和非常宽松)下的斑块结构和时间稳定性。使用随机森林分类方法,将2005年、2010年、2013年和2015年拍摄的整个地区的航空图像分为短小和高大的斑块。作为补充,每个围场有10个永久性地块的年度草皮高度测量(2007-2017年),这些地块被划分为草皮高度等级。短斑块的平均比例(0.72、0.32、0.19)和大小随着放牧强度的增加而减小,而高斑块的大小则随着放牧强度的增加而增大。年际稳定性取决于斑块类型和放牧强度,各优势斑块类型的年际稳定性特别高。在2015年的短斑块面积中,中度放牧、轻度放牧和极轻放牧的4幅航空影像中,分别有0.62、0.29和0.30被归类为短斑块;高斑块的相应比例分别为0.10、0.53和0.65。我们的结果表明,在较长的时间内,短斑块和高斑块在当地放牧强度上存在持续的差异。需要监测这种异质性对土壤特性和植被组成的长期影响,以评估斑块放牧牧场的农艺可持续性和生态潜力。
Under extensive grazing, a mosaic pattern of frequently defoliated short patches and rarely defoliated tall patches is often formed. The agronomic and ecological consequences of this patch‐grazing pattern strongly depend on its stability between successive years. We assessed patch structure and temporal stability under three intensities of cattle stocking (moderate, lenient and very lenient) in a cattle grazing experiment established in 2002. Aerial images of the whole area taken in 2005, 2010, 2013 and 2015 were classified into short and tall patches using random forest classification. These were complemented by annual sward height measurements (2007‐2017) at 10 permanent plots per paddock, which were classified into sward height classes. The mean proportion (0.72, 0.32, 0.19) and size of short patches decreased with stocking intensity, while size of tall patches increased. Inter‐annual stability depended on patch type and stocking intensity and was particularly high for the respective dominant patch type. Of the short patch area in 2015, 0.62, 0.29 and 0.30 were classified as short in all four aerial images under moderate, lenient and very lenient grazing, respectively; the corresponding proportions for tall patches were 0.10, 0.53 and 0.65. Our results imply that short and tall patches experience persistent differences in local grazing intensity over extended periods. The long‐term effects of this heterogeneity on soil properties and vegetation composition need to be monitored to assess agronomic sustainability and ecological potential of patch‐grazed pastures.
草食动物模型中的植物生长函数和可能的时空尺度误差
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发表时间: 2001
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