Effects of incubator rearing with social deprivation on maternal behavior in rats.
Effects of incubator rearing with social deprivation on maternal behavior in rats.
复制标题
社会剥夺培养箱饲养对大鼠母性行为的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/h0025821
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发表时间：
1968
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Arnold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Thoman;W. Arnold
开发了一种在出生当天与母亲分开饲养幼鼠的程序，并用于研究断奶前剥夺母亲和同龄人对随后母亲行为的影响。霍尔茨曼白化病雌性在有或没有同伴的情况下，在孵化器或与母亲一起饲养了1-25天。在成熟期、交配和分娩后，在可直接观察到的母性行为上，不同组之间的差异很小。然而，孵化器饲养的SS的后代表现出更高的死亡率和显著的睁眼延迟。对于哺乳动物来说，断奶前的社会经历似乎应该是影响后来行为的一个重要变量。特别是，它似乎可能会影响后来的母性行为。在灵长类动物层面，哈洛(1962)发现，猴子在出生时与母亲分开，当它们成为母亲时，独自抚养是非常不够的。他进一步发现，对于正常的社会发展，与同龄人玩耍甚至比母亲更重要。在老鼠层面上，许多研究人员已经认识到研究断奶前的社会剥夺的必要性，但到目前为止，还不可能进行这样的研究，因为没有办法在母亲不在的情况下维持动物的生命。由于缺乏足够的人工饲养技术，以前的ES不得不在各种方式上做出妥协。比奇(1937)研究了早期社会剥夺对大鼠母性行为的影响，但在动物断奶后引入了饲养条件的变化。当Guze(1955)研究相同的实验变量时，在护理期间使用部分隔离，SS遭受很大的空虚，并且许多
A procedure for rearing infant rats separated from the mother on the day of birth was developed and used to study effects of preweaning deprivation of mother and peers on subsequent maternal behavior. Holtzman albino females were reared for Days 1-25 of life with or without peers, and in an incubator or with a mother. At maturity, following mating and parturition, there was very little difference among the groups on directly observable maternal behaviors. However, offspring of incubator reared Ss showed a higher mortality rate and a significant delay in eye-opening. For mammals, it would seem likely that social experience prior to weaning should be an important variable affecting later behavior. In particular, it would seem likely to affect later maternal behavior. At the primate level, Harlow (1962) has found that monkeys separated from the mother at birth and reared alone were quite inadequate when they became mothers. He found further that for normal social development, play with peers was even more important than mothering. At the rat level the need to study preweaning social deprivation has been recognized by numerous investigators, but heretofore it was not possible to make such studies because there was no way to maintain the lives of the animals in the absence of the mother. Lacking an adequate artificial rearing technique, previous Es have had to compromise in various ways. Beach (1937) studied the effects of early social deprivation on maternal behavior in the rat, but variation in rearing conditions was introduced after animals were weaned. When Guze (1955) studied the same experimental variables, using partial isolation during the nursing period, Ss suffered greatly from inanition and many of them