High-sensitivity magnetometry with a single atom in a superposition of two circular Rydberg states
High-sensitivity magnetometry with a single atom in a superposition of two circular Rydberg states
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-018-0405-4
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Gleyzes, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dietsche, E. K.;Larrouy, A.;Gleyzes, S.
具有宏观不同性质的态的叠加，以薛定谔的格丹肯实验命名为“猫”，是对环境非常敏感的探测器。它们可用于研究退相干机制和量子到经典跃迁（1-5），以及实现具有前景应用的量子传感器(6)。我们在这里报告了“圆猫”的创造，即两个具有巨大相反磁动量的圆形里德伯态叠加的原子。这是一种精密的磁场探针，能够在20 μ s内完成对13nt场的单次探测。这种单原子猫的灵敏度与1800个普通原子的灵敏度相当，证明了里德伯态工程对量子技术的有用性。
Superpositions of states with macroscopically different properties, named 'cats' after Schrodinger's Gedanken experiment, are extraordinarily sensitive probes of their environment. They can be used to investigate the decoherence mechanism and the quantum-to-classical transition(1-5), as well as to realize quantum-enabled sensors(6) with promising applications. We report here the creation of a 'circular cat', namely an atom in a superposition of two circular Rydberg states with huge opposite magnetic momenta. It is an exquisite probe of the magnetic field, able to perform a single-shot detection of a 13 nT field in only 20 mu s. This single-atom cat is as sensitive as a set of 1,800 ordinary atoms, demonstrating the usefulness of Rydberg state engineering for quantumenabled technologies.