Characteristics of the Annual Maximum and Minimum Water Temperatures in Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia from 2000 to 2019
Characteristics of the Annual Maximum and Minimum Water Temperatures in Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia from 2000 to 2019
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DOI：
10.3390/rs13193972
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Fujihara;Koki Okuyama;Keisuke Hoshikawa;H. Fujii;Takashi Nakamura;S. Lun;Sokly Siev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Fujihara;Koki Okuyama;Keisuke Hoshikawa;H. Fujii;Takashi Nakamura;S. Lun;Sokly Siev
洞里萨湖拥有独特的水文环境和生态系统。虽然水温是湖泊管理的一个重要考虑因素，但关于湖泊水温的信息是有限的。为此，利用MOD11A1中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）产品，研究了2000 - 2019年洞里萨湖白天水温的变化特征。分析了水温波动与水文气象条件的关系。白天最高水温和最低水温分别在5月（30.7°C）和1月（24.6°C），分别在最高气温和最低气温记录后一个月出现。年最高、平均和最低水位呈下降趋势（分别为- 0.14、- 0.08和- 0.01 m/y）。年最高水温以0.17°C/ a的速率上升，年最低水温以0.91°C/ a的速率下降。年最高日间水温与水位变化（洪水脉冲）呈较强的负相关，与气温的相关较弱。年最低日水温与前一年水位变化（洪水脉冲）的正相关最强。然而，年最低日间水温与气温之间没有相关性。这些结果表明，洞里萨湖的水温主要受水位波动的影响，而水位波动主要由洪水脉冲驱动。
The Tonle Sap Lake contains unique hydrological environments and ecosystems. Although water temperature is an important consideration in lake management, information on the water temperature of the lake is limited. Thus, we investigated the characteristics of the daytime water temperatures of the Tonle Sap Lake from 2000 to 2019 using MOD11A1, a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) product. Moreover, the relationship between water temperature fluctuations and hydrological–meteorological conditions was analyzed. The maximum and minimum daytime water temperatures were recorded in May (30.7 °C) and January (24.6 °C), respectively, each a month after the maximum and minimum air temperatures were recorded. The annual maximum, average, and minimum water levels showed a downward trend (−0.14, −0.08, and −0.01 m/y, respectively). The annual maximum water temperature increased at a rate of 0.17 °C/decade, whereas the annual minimum water temperature decreased at a rate of 0.91 °C/decade. The annual maximum daytime water temperature had a strong negative correlation with water level change (flood pulse) and a weaker correlation with air temperature. The annual minimum daytime water temperature presented the strongest positive correlation with water level change (flood pulse) in the previous year. However, there was no correlation between the annual minimum daytime water temperature and air temperature. These results indicate that water temperature in the Tonle Sap Lake is mainly affected by water level fluctuations, which are mainly driven by flood pulses.