Area-level racial prejudice and health: A systematic review.
Area-level racial prejudice and health: A systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0001141
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Allen AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michaels EK;Board C;Mujahid MS;Riddell CA;Chae DH;Johnson RC;Allen AM
近年来，人们越来越有兴趣“超越个人”来衡量地区层面的种族主义，将其作为健康的社会决定因素。这项工作的大部分工作是将从个人一级收集的种族偏见数据汇总到地区一级。由于这是一个迅速崛起的研究领域，我们进行了系统的文献综述，以描述地区层面的种族偏见与健康之间的关系的证据，以及相关关系是否因种族/民族而不同，并确定关键的概念和方法考虑因素，以指导未来的研究。我们搜索了四个跨学科的数据库，寻找基于美国的同行评议的文章，通过汇总个人层面的种族偏见指标并检查与心理或身体健康结果的关联来衡量地区层面的种族偏见(S)。数据提取遵循PRISMA指南，还包括理论和概念化、健康途径以及优势和局限性。在14,632篇确定的文章中，有14篇符合纳入标准，并被纳入审查。健康结果包括全因(n=4)和特定原因(n=4)死亡率、出生结果(n=4)、心血管结果(n=2)、精神健康(n=1)和自我评估健康(n=1)。所有研究都发现，在种族/族裔小型化群体中，地区一级的种族偏见与不利的健康后果之间存在正相关关系，四项研究也表明白人之间存在类似的关联。与形式理论的接触是有限的，暴露的概念化是混合的。方法论方面的考虑包括未测量的混淆和概括性、自我审查和测量的特殊性之间的权衡。我们建议未来的研究方向，以进一步发展这项工作的概念和方法的严谨性，并为促进人口健康和减少种族健康不平等的循证干预提供信息。
In recent years, there has been growing interest in “moving beyond the individual” to measure area-level racism as a social determinant of health. Much of this work has aggregated racial prejudice data collected at the individual-level to the area-level. As this is a rapidly emerging area of research, we conducted a systematic literature review to describe evidence of the relationship between area-level racial prejudice and health, whether associations differed by race/ethnicity, and to characterize key conceptual and methodological considerations to guide future research. We searched four interdisciplinary databases for US-based, peer-reviewed articles measuring area-level racial prejudice by aggregating individual-level indicators of racial prejudice and examining associations with mental or physical health outcome(s). Data extraction followed PRISMA guidelines and also included theory and conceptualization, pathways to health, and strengths and limitations. Fourteen of 14,632 identified articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Health outcomes spanned all-cause (n=4) and cause-specific (n=4) mortality, birth outcomes (n=4), cardiovascular outcomes (n=2), mental health (n=1), and self-rated health (n=1). All studies found a positive association between area-level racial prejudice and adverse health outcomes among racial/ethnic minoritized groups, with four studies also showing a similar association among Whites. Engagement with formal theory was limited and exposure conceptualization was mixed. Methodological considerations included unmeasured confounding and trade-offs between generalizability, self-censorship, and specificity of measurement. We suggest directions for future research to further develop the conceptual and methodological rigor of this work and inform evidence-based interventions to advance population health and reduce racial health inequities.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.02.008
发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
SSM - population health
影响因子：
--
作者：
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发表时间：
2011-04
期刊：
Du Bois review : social science research on race
影响因子：
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