Neurocognitive features, personality traits, and social function in patients with schizophrenia with a history of violence
Neurocognitive features, personality traits, and social function in patients with schizophrenia with a history of violence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.012
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发表时间：
2022-01-10
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hashimoto，Ryota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kashiwagi，Hiroko;Matsumoto，Junya;Hashimoto，Ryota
最近的文献研究精神分裂症患者的认知功能，临床特征和暴力之间的关联一直在增长，然而，结果是不一致的。关于社会功能和个性的报道有限。这些研究尚未反映在风险评估工具和管理计划中。本研究的目的是通过在大量人群中进行多方面的成熟评估，为风险评估和干预研究提供资源。从355例精神分裂症患者（112例暴力史，243例无暴力史）和1265名健康受试者的数据提取的个人在日本的一般精神病人群的精神障碍的大型数据库。分析精神分裂症患者暴力行为与智力功能、认知功能（记忆功能、执行功能、注意功能、言语学习、处理速度、社会认知）、临床变量、人格特征、社会功能和生活质量（QOL）的关系。与健康人相比，精神分裂症组的认知功能和社会认知普遍受损，其人格特征表现出与以前报道的相似的差异。有暴力史的精神分裂症患者的视觉记忆功能明显受损（P = 1.9 × 10−5，Cohen's d = 0.34），住院时间更长（P = 5.9 × 10 - 4，Cohen's d = 0.38），阳性和阴性症状量表上的兴奋因子较重（P = 1.6 × 10−4，Cohen's d = 0.47），气质和性格量表上的自我超越人格结构较高（P = 1.8 × 10 - 4，Cohen's d = 0.46），每周总工作时间（P = 4.8 × 10 - 4，Cohen's d = 0.53）比无暴力史的精神分裂症患者短。新的发现，包括受损的视觉记忆，高自我超越的人格特质，和更短的总工作时间，可以集中在未来的干预研究。
Recent literature examining associations between cognitive function, clinical features, and violence in patients with schizophrenia has been growing; however, the results are inconsistent. Reports on social function and personality are limited. These studies are yet to be reflected in risk assessment tools and management plans. The aim of this study is to provide a resource for risk assessment and intervention studies by conducting multifaceted well-established assessments in a large population. Data from 355 patients with schizophrenia (112 patients with a history of violence; 243 patients without a history of violence) and 1265 healthy subjects were extracted from a large database of individuals with mental disorders in a general psychiatric population in Japan. The associations between violence in patients with schizophrenia and intellectual function, cognitive function (memory function, executive function, attentional function, verbal learning, processing speed, social cognition), clinical variables, personality traits, social function, and quality of life (QOL) were analyzed. Compared with healthy subjects, the schizophrenia group had broadly impaired cognitive function and social cognition, and their personality traits showed similar differences as those reported previously. Patients with schizophrenia with a history of violence showed significantly more impaired visual memory function (P = 1.9 × 10−5,Cohen's d = 0.34), longer hospitalization (P = 5.9 × 10−4,Cohen's d = 0.38), more severe excited factor on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (P = 1.6 × 10−4,Cohen's d = 0.47), higher self-transcendence personality construct on the Temperament and Character Inventory (P = 1.8 × 10−4,Cohen's d = 0.46), and shorter total working hours per week (P = 4.8 × 10−4,Cohen's d = 0.53) than those with schizophrenia without a history of violence. New findings, including impaired visual memory, a high self-transcendence personality trait, and shorter total working hours, could be focused on in future interventional research.