Freshwater eels: A symbol of the effects of global change
Freshwater eels: A symbol of the effects of global change
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DOI：
10.1111/faf.12300
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Lambert, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drouineau, Hilaire;Durif, Caroline;Lambert, Patrick
温带鳗鱼 Anguilla anguilla（欧洲鳗鱼）、A.rostrata（美洲鳗鱼）和 A.japonica（日本鳗鱼）是三种降产性物种，尽管它们具有出色的适应能力，但自 20 世纪 70 年代/20 世纪 80 年代以来，它们的数量一直在减少。由于其特定的生命周期，共享遥远的海洋产卵场和大陆生长阶段，鳗鱼受到全球变化的五个组成部分的影响：（a）影响幼体生存和漂流的气候变化，（b）污染增加导致高水平污染，并因其高脂质水平而加剧，（c）日益破碎和栖息地丧失，导致可用栖息地数量急剧减少并导致产卵者死亡率增加，（d）外来寄生鳗鲡的出现损害产卵成功的线虫，以及 (e) 商业和休闲渔业对鳗鱼所有生命阶段的影响。在此背景下，大加速期间压力的急剧增加已经超出了鳗鱼的适应能力。这说明全球变化的累积效应可能导致物种崩溃，即使是具有惊人高适应能力的物种。
Temperate eels Anguilla anguilla (European eel), A.rostrata (American eel) and A.japonica (Japanese eel) are three catadromous species which have been declining since the 1970s/1980s despite their remarkable adaptive capacity. Because of their specific life cycles, which share distant oceanic spawning grounds and continental growth stage, eels are affected by five components of the global change: (a) climate change affecting larval survival and drift, (b) an increase in pollution leading to high levels of contamination exacerbated by their high lipid levels, (c) increasing fragmentation and habitat loss that reduce dramatically the amount of available habitats and induce increased spawner mortality, (d) the appearance of Anguillicola crassus a parasitic alien nematode that impairs spawning success, and (e) the impact of commercial and recreational fisheries for all life stages of eel. In this context, the rapid increases of pressures during the Great Acceleration have surpassed the adaptive capacity of eels. This illustrates that cumulative effects of global change can lead to the collapse of species, even in species that have amazingly high adaptive capacities.