A traditional Mediterranean diet decreases endogenous estrogens in healthy postmenopausal women
A traditional Mediterranean diet decreases endogenous estrogens in healthy postmenopausal women
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327914nc5602_18
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Traina, Adele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carruba, Giuseppe;Granata, Orazia M.;Traina, Adele
欧洲南部的乳腺癌发病率和死亡率明显低于北欧。这归因于欧洲国家生活方式的差异，尤其是饮食习惯的差异。然而，关于不同饮食方案对雌激素以及乳腺癌风险的影响的信息很少。在此，我们报告 MeDiet 项目的结果，这是一项随机饮食干预研究，旨在评估地中海饮食对健康绝经后女性内源性雌激素分布的影响。在最初自愿参加该研究的 230 名女性中，有 115 名被发现符合资格并被登记。然后女性被随机分配到干预组 (n = 58) 和对照组 (n = 57)。干预组的女性坚持传统的、受限的地中海饮食 6 个月，而对照组的女性则继续遵循常规饮食。干预组中的女性大幅改变了饮食习惯，最终导致从普遍摄入动物脂肪和蛋白质转变为普遍摄入植物脂肪和蛋白质。关于尿雌激素，在基线时干预组和对照组之间没有观察到显着差异。然而，6 个月后，对照组女性没有表现出任何重大变化，但干预组女性的总雌激素水平显着下降（超过 40%）（P < 0.02）。这种修改的最大部分是基于特定雌激素代谢物的显着减少，包括雌二醇或雌酮的羟基和酮衍生物。据我们所知，这是第一份表明传统地中海饮食显着减少内源性雌激素的报告。这可能最终导致确定更有效降低雌激素水平的选定饮食成分，从而为制定乳腺癌饮食预防措施提供基础。
Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates are markedly lower in the south than in the north of Europe. This has been ascribed to differences in lifestyle and, notably, dietary habits across European countries. However, little information exists on the influence of different dietary regimens on estrogens and, hence, on breast cancer risk. Here we report results of our MeDiet Project, a randomized, dietary intervention study aimed to assess the effect of a Mediterranean diet on the profiles of endogenous estrogens in healthy postmenopausal women. Out of the 230 women who initially volunteered to participate in the study, 115 were found to be eligible and were enrolled Women were then randomly assigned into an intervention (n = 58) and a control (n = 57) group. Women in the intervention group adhered to a traditional, restricted Mediterranean diet for 6 mo, whereas women in the control group continued to follow their regular diet. Women in the intervention group changed their dietary regimen substantially, and this eventually led to a shift from a prevalent intake of animal fat andproteins to a prevalent intake of vegetable fat and proteins. Regarding urinary estrogens, no significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups at baseline. After 6 mo, however control women did not show any major change but women in the intervention group exhibited a significant decrease (over 40%) of total estrogen levels (P < 0.02). The largest part of this modification was based on a marked decrease of specific estrogen metabolites, including hydroxy and keto- derivatives of estradiol or estrone. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that a traditional Mediterranean diet significantly reduces endogenous estrogen. This may eventually lead to identify selected dietary components that more effectively decrease estrogens levels and, hence, provide a basis to develop dietary preventive measures for breast cancer.