Personality traits, education, and health-related quality of life among older adult primary care patients
Personality traits, education, and health-related quality of life among older adult primary care patients
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/62.6.p343
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Lyness, Jeffrey M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman, Benjamin;Duberstein, Paul;Lyness, Jeffrey M.
较低的教育水平和神经质的人格特质都与老年人较低的健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）相关，但对其他人格特质在HRQOL中的作用知之甚少。我们研究了所有五因素模型人格特质和教育的关联，超出医生评定的医疗负担，在完成NEO五因素量表的442名65岁或以上的初级保健患者的样本中，与HRQOL的不同方面。我们使用医学结局调查简表-36（SF-36）、工具性日常生活活动（IADL）和身体自我维持量表评估HRQOL的不同方面。即使在对年龄、性别、重度抑郁障碍的存在和医生评定的医学发病率进行统计学调整后，我们发现，较高的神经质水平与IADL和身体自我维持量表的功能低下以及SF-36的社会功能和角色情感分量表的HRQOL较差相关。较高的责任心水平与SF-36角色身体量表上较好的HRQOL和较好的IADL功能相关。高教育水平与更好的HRQOL的所有措施，情绪角色障碍除外。在探索性适度分析中，较高的开放水平减少了医疗负担对IADL损害的影响。初步的人群归因风险比较表明，在严格的人群基础上，高于平均值1 SD的神经质水平所带来的损害可能相当于或大于重度抑郁症。未来的研究旨在了解人格特质如何与HRQOL和功能在以后的生活中可能会提高识别有风险的老年人，并告知干预措施的发展。
Both lower education and the personality trait of neuroticism have been associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among older adults, but little is known about the role of other personality traits in HRQOL. We examined the associations of all Five-Factor Model personality traits and education, above and beyond physician-rated medical burden, with different aspects of HRQOL in a sample of 442 primary care patients 65 years of age or older who completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. We used the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and the physical self-maintenance scale to assess different aspects of HRQOL. Even after statistically adjusting for age, gender, the presence of major depressive disorder, and physician-rated medical morbidity, we found that a higher neuroticism level was associated with lower functioning on the IADLs and the physical self-maintenance scale and worse HRQOL on the Social Functioning and Role Emotional subscales of the SF-36. Higher conscientiousness level was associated with better HRQOL on the SF-36 Role Physical scale and better IADL function. Higher education level was associated with better HRQOL on all measures except emotional role impairment. In exploratory moderation analyses, a higher openness level diminished the effect of medical burden on IADL impairment. Preliminary population-attributable risk comparisons suggest that-on a strictly population basis - the impairment conferred by a neuroticism level that is 1 SD above the mean may be equivalent to or greater than that of major depressive disorder. Future research aimed at understanding how personality traits are linked with HRQOL and functioning in later life may enhance the identification of at-risk older adults and inform the development of interventions.