Detection and correction of hypoxemia associated with air travel.
Detection and correction of hypoxemia associated with air travel.
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检测和纠正与航空旅行相关的低氧血症。
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/148.5.1215
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klocke,RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vohra,KP;Klocke,RA
低氧血症发生在航空旅行中，因为飞机机舱内的压力不等于海平面的气压。将发生显著动脉低氧血症的患者的识别最方便地通过将这些个体暴露于与航空旅行期间经历的相似的吸入氧张力来实现。我们利用商用文丘里装置，以氮气作为源气体，以降低吸入的氧分压（114和99 mm Hg），以模拟暴露于空中旅行所发生的海拔高度（6，700和10，000英尺）。通过鼻插管给予氧气以纠正诱导的低氧血症。11名正常受试者的基线血氧饱和度为97.3%，由耳血氧测定法确定。使用35%和40%文丘里装置暴露于降低的氧分压20分钟导致最小的O2去饱和（分别为94.8%和93.8%）。11例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的平均基线动脉血氧饱和度为93.2%。暴露于两个水平的降低的氧张力下，氧饱和度分别下降到89.5%和87.5%。通过鼻插管以1.2和1.5 L/min的速率给予O2来纠正低氧血症。我们的结论是，个别患者可以方便地评估可能的发展与航空旅行相关的低氧血症使用现有的文丘里装置。该方法还允许确定纠正低氧血症所需的氧疗。
Hypoxemia occurs during air travel because the pressure in aircraft cabins is not maintained equal to barometric pressure at sea level. Identification of patients who will develop significant arterial hypoxemia is most conveniently achieved by exposing these individuals to inspired oxygen tensions similar to those experienced during air travel. We utilized commercial Venturi devices with nitrogen as a source gas to lower inspired oxygen tensions (114 and 99 mm Hg) to simulate exposure to altitude (6,700 and 10,000 feet) that occurs with air travel. Oxygen was administered by nasal cannulas to correct the induced hypoxemia. Eleven normal subjects had baseline oxygen saturations of 97.3% as determined by ear oximetry. Exposure to reduced oxygen tensions for 20 min using 35 and 40% Venturi devices caused minimal O2desaturation (94.8 and 93.8%, respectively). Mean baseline arterial oxygen saturation was 93.2% in 11 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Oxygen saturation fell to 89.5 and 87.5%, respectively, with exposure to the two levels of reduced oxygen tensions. Hypoxemia was corrected with administration of O2by nasal cannulas at rates of 1.2 and 1.5 L/min, respectively. We conclude that individual patients can be evaluated conveniently for possible development of hypoxemia associated with air travel using available Venturi devices. This approach also permits determination of the oxygen therapy needed to correct hypoxemia.