Effect of repeated exposures to cold on cognitive performance in humans
Effect of repeated exposures to cold on cognitive performance in humans
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.09.015
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发表时间：
2006-01-30
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hassi, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mäkinen, TM;Palinkas, LA;Hassi, J
研究人员对连续 10 天暴露在对照（25 摄氏度）和寒冷（10 摄氏度）条件下的 10 名男性受试者进行了反复暴露于寒冷温度对认知能力的影响。每天进行认知测试组（ANAM-ICE）以评估复杂和简单认知功能的准确性、效率和反应时间。还记录了直肠（T-直肠）和皮肤温度、热感觉、代谢率（M）和心血管反应性。通过使用冷暴露，引起冷感和不适、表面皮肤冷却（6-7 摄氏度）和 T 直肠略微降低（0.4 摄氏度），我们观察到三种不同的认知表现模式：1）消极，反映在反应时间增加以及准确性和效率下降； 2）积极的，体现在响应时间减少和效率提高； 3) 混合型，反映在准确度和响应时间均增加但效率下降的模式，以及准确度和响应时间均下降的模式。 T-直肠、热感觉、舒张压 (DBP) 和心率 (HR) 是准确度下降的独立预测因素，但也会缩短响应时间。在 10 天的时间内，无论是在受控状态还是在寒冷暴露状态下，认知表现效率均显着提高，反应时间缩短，这表明学习效果良好。然而，10 天内认知表现的变化在对照和冷态之间没有显着差异，这表明热反应的变化并没有改善表现。结果表明，寒冷通过分心机制对认知表现产生负面影响，并通过唤醒机制对认知表现产生积极和消极的影响。 (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
The effects of repeated exposure to cold temperature on cognitive performance were examined in 10 male subjects who were exposed to control (25 degrees C) and cold (10 degrees C) conditions on 10 successive days. A cognitive test battery (ANAM-ICE) was administered each day to assess complex and simple cognitive functioning accuracy, efficiency and response time. Rectal (T-rect) and skin temperatures, thermal sensations, metabolic rate (M) and cardiovascular reactivity were also recorded. With the used cold exposure, inducing cold sensations and discomfort, superficial skin cooling (6-7 degrees C) and a slightly lowered T-rect (0.4 degrees C) we observed three distinct patterns of cognitive performance: 1) negative, reflected in increased response times and decreased accuracy and efficiency; 2) positive, reflected in decreased response time and increased efficiency; and 3) mixed, reflected in a pattern of increases in both accuracy and response time and decreases in efficiency, and a pattern of decreases in both accuracy and response time. T-rect, thermal sensations, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) were independent predictors of decreased accuracy, but also decreased response time. Cognitive performance efficiency was significantly improved and response times shorter over the 10-d period both under control and cold exposures suggesting a learning effect. However, the changes in cognitive performance over the 10-d period did not differ markedly between control and cold, indicating that the changes in the thermal responses did not improve performance. The results suggest that cold affects cognitive performance negatively through the mechanisms of distraction and both positively and negatively through the mechanism of arousal. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.