Temporal stability of the rumen microbiota in beef cattle, and response to diet and supplements.
Temporal stability of the rumen microbiota in beef cattle, and response to diet and supplements.
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DOI：
10.1186/s42523-019-0018-y
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发表时间：
2019-11-19
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Walker AW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Snelling TJ;Auffret MD;Duthie CA;Stewart RD;Watson M;Dewhurst RJ;Roehe R;Walker AW
众所周知，饮食摄入量是反刍动物微生物群落动态的一个驱动因素。肉牛经过肥育阶段，饲料中通常含有非常高的精料比，从而影响瘤胃代谢，包括甲烷的产生。这项纵向研究旨在测量在肥育期饲喂高精料肉牛时瘤胃微生物群落的动态变化。一组50头肉牛分别饲喂饲料精料比约为10：90或50：50的两种基础日粮配方中的任何一种。富含硝酸盐和油脂的补充剂也单独或混合添加。在肥育期~ 200 d以上的时间点采集消化液样，以测定其对基础日粮的适应性和瘤胃微生物区系的长期稳定性。从313份瘤胃消化标本中制备了16S rRNA基因扩增子文库，并对每个文库进行了2万个序列的分析。Bray Curtis与分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示，饲喂不同基础日粮的牛之间的微生物区系组成存在极显著的差异(p <； 0.001)，这主要是由于高精料饲喂的动物中纤维降解微生物群落的减少和一种未分类的伽马变形杆菌OTU的相对丰度的增加所致。相反，以饲料为主的饮食与产甲烷古菌显著相关。在基础饮食组中，与治疗前时间点和对照组相比，添加硝酸盐和联合补充剂对微生物区系差异的影响较小，尽管仍然显著。在实验过程中对微生物群落的响应和稳定性的测量表明，高浓缩组的持续适应时间长达25 天。然而，在这一时间点之后，没有检测到显著的变异性。通常用于肥育肉牛的高精料日粮对瘤胃微生物群落有显著影响。根据不同基础日粮中不同微生物群落的代谢活动推断，可以解释牛之间甲烷和短链脂肪酸产量的差异。纵向采样显示，一旦适应了日粮的变化，瘤胃微生物群落保持在相对稳定的交替状态。
Dietary intake is known to be a driver of microbial community dynamics in ruminants. Beef cattle go through a finishing phase that typically includes very high concentrate ratios in their feed, with consequent effects on rumen metabolism including methane production. This longitudinal study was designed to measure dynamics of the rumen microbial community in response to the introduction of high concentrate diets fed to beef cattle during the finishing period. A cohort of 50 beef steers were fed either of two basal diet formulations consisting of approximately 10:90 or 50:50 forage:concentrate ratios respectively. Nitrate and oil rich supplements were also added either individually or in combination. Digesta samples were taken at time points over ~ 200 days during the finishing period of the cattle to measure the adaptation to the basal diet and long-term stability of the rumen microbiota. 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries were prepared from 313 rumen digesta samples and analysed at a depth of 20,000 sequences per library. Bray Curtis dissimilarity with analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed highly significant (p < 0.001) differences in microbiota composition between cattle fed different basal diets, largely driven by reduction of fibre degrading microbial groups and increased relative abundance of an unclassified Gammaproteobacteria OTU in the high concentrate fed animals. Conversely, the forage-based diet was significantly associated with methanogenic archaea. Within basal diet groups, addition of the nitrate and combined supplements had lesser, although still significant, impacts on microbiota dissimilarity compared to pre-treatment time points and controls. Measurements of the response and stability of the microbial community over the time course of the experiment showed continuing adaptation up to 25 days in the high concentrate groups. After this time point, however, no significant variability was detected. High concentrate diets that are typically fed to finishing beef cattle can have a significant effect on the microbial community in the rumen. Inferred metabolic activity of the different microbial communities associated with each of the respective basal diets explained differences in methane and short chain fatty acid production between cattle. Longitudinal sampling revealed that once adapted to a change in diet, the rumen microbial community remains in a relatively stable alternate state.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Auffret MD;Stewart R;Dewhurst RJ;Duthie CA;Rooke JA;Wallace RJ;Freeman TC;Snelling TJ;Watson M;Roehe R
通讯作者：
Roehe R
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Fernando, S. C.;Purvis, H. T., II;DeSilva, U.
通讯作者：
DeSilva, U.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Duthie, C. -A.;Troy, S. M.;Rooke, J. A.
通讯作者：
Rooke, J. A.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Latham EA;Anderson RC;Pinchak WE;Nisbet DJ
通讯作者：
Nisbet DJ
DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2016.62
发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
The ISME journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
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