NUMERICAL COMPETENCE IN A CHIMPANZEE (PAN-TROGLODYTES)
NUMERICAL COMPETENCE IN A CHIMPANZEE (PAN-TROGLODYTES)
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DOI：
10.1037/0735-7036.103.1.23
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发表时间：
1989-03-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
BERNTSON, GG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOYSEN, ST;BERNTSON, GG
一只黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）接受了用阿拉伯数字计算食物和物体的训练，它展示了对放置在3个可能位置中的2个位置的0-4个食物的数组求和的能力。为了解决数字的代表性使用，我们接下来用阿拉伯数字作为刺激诱饵网站。在这两种情况下，表现都明显高于第一阶段，这表明，在没有明确的组合数组训练的情况下，动物能够在新的测试条件下为食物阵列或阿拉伯数字选择正确的算术和。这些发现表明，计数策略和数字的表征性使用属于黑猩猩的认知领域，与学龄前儿童自发使用的加法算法相比更具优势。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
A chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), trained to count foods and objects by using Arabic numbers, demonstrated the ability to sum arrays of 0–4 food items placed in 2 of 3 possible sites. To address representational use of numbers, we next baited sites with Arabic numbers as stimuli. In both cases performance was significantly above chance from the first sessions, which suggests that without explicit training in combining arrays, the animal was able to select the correct arithmetic sum for arrays of foods or Arabic numbers under novel test conditions. These findings demonstrate that counting strategies and the representational use of numbers lie within the cognitive domain of the chimpanzee and compare favorably with the spontaneous use of addition algorithms demonstrated in preschool children.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)