Restoration ecology: Repairing the Earth's ecosystems in the new millennium
Restoration ecology: Repairing the Earth's ecosystems in the new millennium
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1526-100x.2001.009002239.x
复制
发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Harris, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hobbs, RJ;Harris, JA
人类对地球生态系统造成的变化和破坏的程度使得生态系统修复成为我们未来生存战略的重要组成部分，这就要求恢复生态学为这项任务提供有效的概念和实践工具。我们认为，恢复生态学必须成为当今世界土地管理的一个组成部分，要广泛适用，就必须有明确的概念基础。这需要认识到，大多数生态系统是动态的，因此恢复目标不能基于静态属性。制定明确和可实现的目标至关重要，这些目标应侧重于系统未来的期望特征，而不是与过去的特征有关。目标设置要求清楚地了解可用的恢复选项（以及不同选项的相对成本）。恢复阈值的概念表明，选择是由与生物和非生物阈值有关的系统当前状态决定的。另一项重要任务是制定有效和容易衡量的成功标准。许多参数可以考虑纳入恢复成功的标准，但这些往往是模糊的或难以测量。成功标准需要与具体的恢复目标清晰地联系起来。如果要成功地将恢复生态学作为人类对持续的生态系统变化和退化的回应的一部分，恢复生态学家需要迎接科学、实践和政策相结合的挑战。恢复生态学很可能是下个世纪最重要的领域之一。
The extent of human-induced change and damage to Earth's ecosystems renders ecosystem repair an essential part of our future survival strategy, and this demands that restoration ecology provide effective conceptual and practical tools for this task. We argue that restoration ecology has to be an integral component of land management in today's world, and to be broadly applicable, has to have a clearly articulated conceptual basis. This needs to recognize that most ecosystems are dynamic and hence restoration goals cannot be based on static attributes. Setting clear and achievable goals is essential, and these should focus on the desired characteristics for the system in the future, rather than in relation to what these were in the past. Goal setting requires that there is a clear understanding of the restoration options available (and the relative costs of different options). The concept of restoration thresholds suggests that options are determined by the current state of the system in relation to biotic and abiotic thresholds. A further important task is the development of effective and easily measured success criteria. Many parameters could be considered for inclusion in restoration success criteria, but these are often ambiguous or hard to measure. Success criteria need to relate clearly back to specific restoration goals. If restoration ecology is to be successfully practiced as part of humanity's response to continued ecosystem change and degradation, restoration ecologists need to rise to the challenges of meshing science, practice and policy. Restoration ecology is likely to be one of the most important fields of the coming century.