The Epidemiology of Measles in a Rural and Residential Area
The Epidemiology of Measles in a Rural and Residential Area
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农村和居民区麻疹流行病学
DOI：
10.1177/003591572101401505
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发表时间：
1921
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Picken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Picken
自 1902 年 2 月起，伦弗鲁郡向陆地区强制通报麻疹疫情。该区域由一名卫生医疗官员管理，在第一区和第二区工作。第一区主要是郊区、居民区和工业区，人口增长较快；第二区主要是农村，人口增长缓慢。因此，这种情况非常适合研究不同环境条件下通报和行政措施对麻疹的影响，而且还适合研究低密度人群特有的麻疹流行病学特征。为此目的选择了 1893 年至 1912 年这二十年的时间段，作者感谢县医疗官员 A. Campbell Munro 博士查阅了这些年的记录并在编写过程中给予了指导。可以说，从一开始，伦弗鲁郡就一直认真对待麻疹。通知本身并不是目的，而只是旨在控制疾病的协调一致的预防措施和宣传的开始。根据对伦弗鲁郡政府的深入了解，作者感到满意的是，在审查期间认识到的每一种控制麻疹的可行方法都得到了全心全意的应用。在之前的一篇论文中，Li]通过比较伦弗鲁郡和邻近行政区的麻疹死亡人数来证明通知的效果，但取得了有限的成功。就目前而言，引用的数据表明通知是一个优势；但是，由于缺乏通知提供的数据，因此无法准确比较未实施通知的地区与已实施通知的地区的麻疹情况。在本次调查过程中，已寻求任何支持或反对通知价值的内部证据。然而，其主要目的是记录在该地区观察到的麻疹发病率和死亡人数的事实。医学或流行病学文献中似乎没有来自县地区的详细信息，从科学的角度来看，获得这些信息的重要性证明了通知的合理性，即使无法证明其他好处。2
SINCE February, 1902, measles has been compulsorily notifiable in the landward portion of Renfrewshire. This area is administered by one Medical Officer of Health, working in two Districts, First and Second. The First District is largely suburban, residential and -industrial, with rapidly increasing population, while the Second District is mainly rural and the population has increased slowly. The circumstances have therefore been fairly suitable for studying, not only the influence of notification and administrative measures on measles under different conditions of environment, but also any features of the epidemiology of measles which may be peculiar to populations of low density. The period of twenty yeas, 1893 to 1912, has been selected for this purpose, and the writer is indebted to Dr. A. Campbell Munro, Consulting County Medical Officer, for access to the records of these years and for guidance in their compilation. It may be said at the outset that measles has been seriously regarded in Renfrewshire. Notification has not been an end in itself, but only the beginning of concerted preventive measures arnd propaganda aiming at control of the disease. The writer is satisfied, from an intimate knowledge, of the administration in Renfrewshire, that every practicable means of controlling measles recognized during the period under review was applied wholeheartedly. In a previous paper Li] an effort has been made, with limited success, to demonstrate the effect of notification in Renfrewshire, by comparing the deaths from measles there and in adjoining administrative areas. So far as they went, the figures quoted indicated that notification was an advantage; but the absence of the data which notification affords is an obstacle to any accurate comparison of the behaviour of measles in an area where it is not in force with one in which it is. In the course of the present inquiry any internal evidence for or againsi the value of notification has been sought. The main purpose, however, is to put on record the observed facts of the incidence and fatality of measles in an area of this character. No detailed information from a County area appears to be available in medical or epidemiological literature and the importance of obtaining it justifies notification, from the scientific point of view, even if no other benefit can be proved.2